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Detection of Postmortem Human Cerebellar Cortex and White Matter Pathways Using High Angular Resolution Diffusion Tractography: A feasibility study

机译：使用高角度分辨率扩散牵引检测后蛋白质人体小脑皮质和白质途径：可行性研究

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摘要

Imaging three-dimensional cerebellar connectivity using diffusion tractography is challenging because of the ubiquitous features of crossing axonal pathways within a folium as well as intersecting pathways from neighboring folia. We applied high-angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) tractography to intact postmortem adult brainstem and cerebellum to examine the 3-dimensional white matter and local gray matter pathways. The middle cerebellar peduncles conveyed fibers from the rostral pons to the lateral and caudal aspects of the cerebellar hemisphere, and from the caudal pons to medial and rostral parts of the cerebellar hemisphere. In the cerebellar cortex, tractography detected tangential coherence superficially in the cerebellar cortex and revealed fibers coursing parallel to the long axis of the folia. These fibers were consistent with the location and direction of parallel fibers in the molecular layer. Crossing with these parallel fibers were tangential fibers running perpendicular to the long axis of the folia, consistent with axons othe cortical interneurons – stellate cells and basket cells. These tangential fibers within the cerebellar cortex were distinct from fibers linking the cerebellar cortex with the deep cerebellar nuclei and the brainstem. Our results show the potential for HARDI tractography to resolve axonal pathways from different neuronal elements within the cerebellar cortex, and improve our understanding of adult cerebellar neural circuitry and connectivity in both white and gray matter.
机译：由于弥散性的轴突在小叶内的轴突通路以及从相邻的叶片相交的通路的普遍特征，使用扩散束摄影术成像三维小脑连接是具有挑战性的。我们应用高角度分辨率扩散成像（HARDI）超声图像检查完整的死后成人脑干和小脑，以检查3维白质和局部灰质通路。小脑中部的花梗从头状脑桥到小脑半球的外侧和尾端，以及从尾巴脑桥到小脑半球的内侧和尾端传送纤维。在小脑皮层中，束线照相术在小脑皮层中表面检测到切向相干性，并显示出平行于叶片长轴的纤维弯曲。这些纤维与分子层中平行纤维的位置和方向一致。与这些平行纤维相交的是切向纤维，该切向纤维垂直于叶的长轴延伸，与皮质中间神经元的轴突相一致-星状细胞和篮状细胞。小脑皮层内的这些切向纤维不同于将小脑皮层与小脑深核和脑干相连的纤维。我们的结果表明，HARDI体层摄影术有可能解决小脑皮层中不同神经元的轴突途径，并增进我们对成人小脑神经回路和白质和灰质连接性的了解。

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