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Microtubule Catastrophe and Rescue

机译:微管灾难救援

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摘要

Microtubules are long cylindrical polymers composed of tubulin subunits. In cells, microtubules play an essential role in architecture and motility. For example, microtubules give shape to cells, serve as intracellular transport tracks, and act as key elements in important cellular structures such as axonemes and mitotic spindles. To accomplish these varied functions, networks of microtubules in cells are very dynamic, continuously remodeling through stochastic length fluctuations at the ends of individual microtubules. The dynamic behavior at the end of an individual microtubule is termed “dynamic instability”. This behavior manifests itself by periods of persistent microtubule growth interrupted by occasional switching to rapid shrinkage (called microtubule `catastrophe'), and then by switching back from shrinkage to growth (called microtubule `rescue'). In this review, we summarize recent findings which provide new insights into the mechanisms of microtubule catastrophe and rescue, and discuss the impact of these findings in regards to the role of microtubule dynamics inside of cells.
机译:微管是由微管蛋白亚基组成的长圆柱形聚合物。在细胞中,微管在结构和运动中起着至关重要的作用。例如,微管赋予细胞形状,充当细胞内运输通道,并充当重要细胞结构(如轴突和有丝分裂纺锤体)中的关键元素。为了实现这些不同的功能,细胞中的微管网络非常动态,通过各个微管末端的随机长度波动不断进行重塑。单个微管末端的动态行为称为“动态不稳定性”。这种行为表现为持续的微管生长周期,该周期由偶尔切换到快速收缩(称为微管“灾难”),然后从收缩切换回生长(称为微管“救援”)而中断。在这篇综述中,我们总结了最近的发现,这些发现提供了对微管灾难和抢救机制的新见解,并讨论了这些发现对细胞内微管动力学作用的影响。

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