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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>other >In Vivo Non-invasive Label- Free Detection and Eradication of Circulating Metastatic Melanoma Cells using Two-Color Photoacoustic Flow Cytometry with a Diode Laser
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In Vivo Non-invasive Label- Free Detection and Eradication of Circulating Metastatic Melanoma Cells using Two-Color Photoacoustic Flow Cytometry with a Diode Laser

机译：在体内无创无标记检测和循环利用双色光声流式细胞术的二极管激光的转移性黑色素瘤细胞的根除

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The circulating tumor cell (CTC) count has been demonstrated as a prognostic marker for metastasis development. However, its clinical utility for metastasis prevention remains unclear, because metastases may already be present at the time of initial diagnosis with existing assays. Their sensitivity ex vivo is limited by a small blood sample volume, while in vivo examination of larger blood volumes may be clinically restricted by the toxicity of labels used for targeting of CTCs. We introduce a method for in vivo photoacoustic (PA) blood cancer testing with a high pulse-repetition-rate diode laser that, when applied to melanoma, is free of this limitation. It utilizes the overexpression of melanin clusters as intrinsic, spectrally-specific cancer markers and signal amplifiers, thus providing higher PA contrast of melanoma cells in comparison to a blood background. In tumor-bearing mouse models and melanoma-spiked human blood samples, we demonstrated a sensitivity level of 1 CTC/mL with the potential to improve this sensitivity 103-fold in humans in vivo, which is impossible with existing assays. Additional advances of this platform include decreased background signals from blood through changes in its oxygenation, osmolarity, and hematocrit within physiological norms, assessment of CTCs in deep vessels, in vivo CTC enrichment, and PA-guided photothermal ablation of CTCs in the bloodstream. These advances make feasible the early diagnosis of melanoma during the initial parallel progression of primary tumor and CTCs, and laser blood purging using non-invasive or hemodialysis-like schematics for the prevention of metastasis.

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