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Gonadal hormones modulate sex differences in judgments of relative numerousness in meadow voles Microtus pennsylvanicus

机译：性腺激素调节草地田鼠相对数量的判断中的性别差异

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Animals in a variety of taxa discriminate between a greater quantity and a lesser quantity of the same object, an ability that is referred to as relative numerousness judgment. For example, meadow voles can distinguish between areas containing more over-marks by one opposite-sex scent donor and fewer over-marks by another opposite-sex scent donor. Females appear to be able to make better discriminations between more or less over-marks than do males. In that gonadal hormones have been implicated in modulating cognitive function associated with spatial tasks, we tested the hypothesis that high titers of testosterone and estradiol are necessary for male and female voles, respectively, to distinguish between the top- and bottom-scent donors in an area containing mixed over-marks. We gonadectomized voles, giving them either gonadal hormone replacement (testosterone for males and estradiol for females) or no hormone replacement, and tested their spontaneous judgments of distinguishing between the top-and bottom-scent donors in an area containing mixed over-marks; a task involving judgments of relative numerousness Female voles given replacement estradiol performed better than did female voles not given replacement estradiol in determining the top-scent and bottom-scent males in areas containing mixed over-marks. In contrast, males not treated with replacement testosterone performed better than did males treated with testosterone in determining the top-scent and bottom-scent males in areas containing mixed over-marks. Thus, high titers of estradiol and low titers of testosterone are associated with better performance on tasks involving relative numerousness in female and male voles, respectively. The results of this task on relative numerousness judgments are discussed in relation to the effects of gonadal steroid hormone on spatial ability, a closely related cognitive domain, and the social biology of meadow voles.
机译：各种分类单元中的动物会在同一对象的较大数量与较小数量之间进行区分，这种能力称为相对众多判断。例如，草地田鼠可以区分一个异性气味供体含较多标记和另一个异性气味供体含较少标记的区域。与男性相比，女性似乎能够更好地地区分或多或少地标记过度。由于性腺激素与空间任务相关的认知功能的调节有关，我们检验了以下假设：雄性和雌性田鼠分别需要高滴度的睾丸激素和雌二醇，以区分雌性和雌性田鼠顶部和底部气味的供体。包含混合标记的区域。我们对田鼠进行性腺切除术，给予他们性腺激素替代品（雄性睾丸激素和雌性雌二醇），或不进行激素替代，并测试了他们的自发判断力，以区分带有混合标记的区域中顶部和底部香精供体；一项涉及相对众多判断的任务在确定混合性标记过多的区域中，雄性田鼠的雌雄比非雌性田鼠的雌雄性表现更好。相比之下，未使用替代睾丸激素治疗的男性在确定混合性标记过多的区域中，顶部和底部气味男性的表现要好于睾丸激素治疗的男性。因此，高滴度的雌二醇和低滴度的睾丸激素分别与在雌性和雄性田鼠中相对大量的任务上的更好表现有关。讨论了有关性腺类固醇激素对空间能力，密切相关的认知范围以及草地田鼠的社会生物学的影响，讨论了有关相对众多判断的这项任务的结果。

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