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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >School Neighbourhood Built Environment Assessment for Adolescents’ Active Transport to School: Modification of an Environmental Audit Tool and Protocol (MAPS Global-SN)
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School Neighbourhood Built Environment Assessment for Adolescents’ Active Transport to School: Modification of an Environmental Audit Tool and Protocol (MAPS Global-SN)

机译：青少年向学校的主动运输的校园邻里环境评估：修改环境审核工具和协议（MAPS Global-SN）

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摘要

School neighbourhood built environments (SN-BE) can influence adolescents’ active transport to school habits. Typically, SN-BE assessment has involved micro-scale (i.e., environmental audits) or macro-scale (Geographic Information Systems (GIS)) assessment tools. However, existing environmental audits are time/resource-intensive and not specific to school neighbourhoods, while GIS databases are not generally purposed to include micro-scale data. This study evaluated the inter-rater reliability and feasibility of using a modified audit tool and protocol (Microscale Audit of Pedestrian Streetscapes Global–School Neighbourhood (MAPS Global-SN)) to assess the SN-BE of twelve secondary schools in Dunedin, New Zealand. Correlations between MAPS Global-SN and GIS measures of the SN-BE were also examined. Specifically, MAPS Global-SN audit and GIS spatial analysis (intersection density, residential density, land use mix, walkability) was conducted within a 0.5 km street-network buffer-zone around all twelve schools. Based on investigator and expert consultation, MAPS Global-SN included eight modifications to both auditing processes and items. Inter-rater reliability data was collected from two independent auditors across two schools. The feasibility of a condensed audit protocol (auditing one side of each street segment in the neighbourhood, compared to both sides) was also assessed. Results indicated the modified MAPS Global-SN tool had good to excellent inter-rater reliability and the condensed MAPS Global-SN audit protocol appeared to sufficiently represent the micro-scale SN-BE. Results also highlighted the complementary nature of micro- and macro-scale assessments. Further recommendations for SN-BE assessment are discussed.
机译：学校附近的建筑环境（SN-BE）可以影响青少年向学校习惯的积极转移。通常，SN-BE评估涉及微观（即环境审核）或宏观（地理信息系统（GIS））评估工具。但是，现有的环境审核是时间/资源密集型的，并不特定于学校社区，而GIS数据库通常不旨在包含微观数据。这项研究评估了使用改良的审核工具和协议（行人街景全球学校邻里微尺度审核（MAPS Global-SN））评估评估者之间的可靠性和可行性，以评估新西兰达尼丁的十二所中学的SN-BE 。还检查了MAPS Global-SN与SN-BE的GIS度量之间的相关性。具体来说，在所有十二所学校周围0.5公里的街道网络缓冲区内，进行了MAPS Global-SN审计和GIS空间分析（交叉口密度，住宅密度，土地使用组合，步行能力）。根据研究人员和专家咨询，MAPS Global-SN对审计流程和项目进行了八项修改。评估者间的可靠性数据是从两所学校的两名独立审核员那里收集的。还评估了简化审核协议的可行性（与邻居双方相比，对社区中每个街道段的一侧进行审核）。结果表明，改进的MAPS Global-SN工具具有良好的评估者间可靠性，并且简化的MAPS Global-SN审核协议似乎足以代表微型SN-BE。结果还强调了微观和宏观评估的互补性。讨论了有关SN-BE评估的其他建议。

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