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Skin Irritation Testing beyond Tissue Viability: Fucoxanthin Effects on Inflammation Homeostasis and Metabolism

机译:超出组织活力的皮肤刺激性测试:岩藻黄质对炎症体内稳态和代谢的影响

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摘要

UV light catalyzes the ozone formation from air pollutants, like nitrogen oxides. Since ozone reacts with cutaneous sebum lipids to peroxides and, thus, promotes inflammation, tumorigenesis, and aging, even broad-spectrum sunscreens cannot properly protect skin. Meanwhile, xanthophylls, like fucoxanthin, proved their antioxidant and cytoprotective functions, but the safety of their topical application in human cell-based models remains unknown. Aiming for a more detailed insight into the cutaneous fucoxanthin toxicity, we assessed the tissue viability according to OECD test guideline no. 439 as well as changes in inflammation (IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8), homeostasis (EGFR, HSPB1) and metabolism (NAT1). First, we proved the suitability of our 24-well-based reconstructed human skin for irritation testing. Next, we dissolved 0.5% fucoxanthin either in alkyl benzoate or in ethanol and applied both solutions onto the tissue surface. None of the solutions decreased RHS viability below 50%. In contrast, fucoxanthin ameliorated the detrimental effects of ethanol and reduced the gene expression of pro-inflammatory interleukins 6 and 8, while increasing NAT1 gene expression. In conclusion, we developed an organ-on-a-chip compatible RHS, being suitable for skin irritation testing beyond tissue viability assessment. Fucoxanthin proved to be non-irritant in RHS and already showed first skin protective effects following topical application.
机译:紫外线可催化空气污染物(如氮氧化物)中的臭氧形成。由于臭氧与皮肤皮脂脂质反应生成过氧化物,从而促进炎症,致瘤作用和衰老,因此即使广谱防晒霜也无法适当保护皮肤。同时,叶黄素像岩藻黄质一样,证明了它们的抗氧化和细胞保护功能,但在基于人细胞的模型中局部应用的安全性仍然未知。为了更深入地了解褐藻黄质的皮肤毒性,我们根据OECD测试准则No.1评估了组织的生存能力。 439以及炎症(IL-1α,IL-6,IL-8),体内稳态(EGFR,HSPB1)和新陈代谢(NAT1)的变化。首先,我们证明了我们的24孔重建人体皮肤适合刺激性测试。接下来,我们将0.5%的岩藻黄质溶解在苯甲酸烷基酯或乙醇中,并将两种溶液都涂在组织表面。没有一种解决方案将RHS生存力降低到50%以下。相反,岩藻黄质改善了乙醇的有害作用,降低了促炎性白介素6和8的基因表达,同时增加了NAT1基因的表达。总之,我们开发了兼容器官上芯片的RHS,适用于组织活力评估以外的皮肤刺激性测试。岩藻黄质被证明对RHS无刺激性,局部应用后已显示出最初的皮肤保护作用。

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