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New Insights in Cheese Yield Capacity of the Milk of Italian Brown and Italian Friesian Cattle in the Production of High-Moisture Mozzarella

机译:高水分马苏里拉奶酪生产中意大利棕色和意大利黑白花牛的奶酪产量的新见解

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摘要

The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of κ-casein B content in milk on the yield of high-moisture mozzarella cheese. The study was carried out by monitoring the production of eight mozzarella cheese batches at four cheese making factories. At each factory, two cheese making trials were performed in parallel: one using bulk milk from Italian Brown cattle and the other using bulk milk from Italian Friesian cattle. The average κ-casein B content was 0.04 g per 100 g in the Italian Friesian cows’ milk, whereas it was four time higher in the Italian Brown cows’ milk, reaching values of 0.16 g per 100 g. Both the κ-casein content and κ-casein B to casein ratio were positively correlated with actual cheese yield. Both parameters showed correlation coefficient values over 0.9, higher than for any other protein fraction. The influence of the level of κ-casein on the increase of the yield is probably due to smaller and more homogeneous micelles, with more efficient rennet coagulation. Consequently, milk with higher κ-casein B content produces a more elastic curd that withstands better the technological treatments and limits losses during curd mincing and stretching. In conclusion, the Italian Brown cows’ milk used, characterized by higher κ-casein content than the Italian Friesian’s one, allowed a yield increase of about 2.65%, which is a very relevant result for both farms and cheese making factories.
机译:本研究的目的是研究牛奶中κ-酪蛋白B含量对高水分马苏里拉干酪产量的影响。该研究是通过监视四个奶酪制造厂中八批马苏里拉奶酪的生产来进行的。在每个工厂中,并行进行了两次奶酪制作试验:一项使用意大利布朗牛的散装牛奶,另一项使用意大利弗里斯兰牛的散装牛奶。意大利Friesian牛奶中的平均κ-酪蛋白B含量为每100克0.04 g,而意大利布朗牛奶中的平均κ-酪蛋白B含量则高四倍,达到每100克0.16 g。 κ-酪蛋白含量和κ-酪蛋白B与酪蛋白之比均与干酪的实际产量呈正相关。两个参数均显示出超过0.9的相关系数值,高于任何其他蛋白质级分。 κ-酪蛋白水平对产量增加的影响可能是由于较小且更均一的胶束,凝乳酶凝结更有效。因此,κ-酪蛋白B含量较高的牛奶会产生更富弹性的凝乳,可经受更好的技术处理并限制凝乳切碎和拉伸过程中的损失。总而言之,所用的意大利棕色奶牛牛奶中κ-酪蛋白含量比意大利Friesian牛奶高,其增产幅度约为2.65%,这对农场和奶酪制造厂都是非常重要的结果。

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