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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Molecules >Reflectance Spectroscopy for Non-Destructive Measurement and Genetic Analysis of Amounts and Types of Epicuticular Waxes on Onion Leaves
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Reflectance Spectroscopy for Non-Destructive Measurement and Genetic Analysis of Amounts and Types of Epicuticular Waxes on Onion Leaves

机译：对洋葱叶片的非破坏性测量和遗传分析的非破坏性测量和遗传分析的反射光谱

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Epicuticular waxes on the surface of plant leaves are important for the tolerance to abiotic stresses and plant–parasite interactions. In the onion ( L.), the variation for the amounts and types of epicuticular waxes is significantly associated with less feeding damage by the insect (thrips). Epicuticular wax profiles are measured using used gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS), which is a labor intensive and relatively expensive approach. Biochemical spectroscopy is a non-destructive tool for measurement and analysis of physiological and chemical features of plants. This study used GCMS and full-range biochemical spectroscopy to characterize epicuticular waxes on seven onion accessions with visually glossy (low wax), semi-glossy (intermediate wax), or waxy (copious wax) foliage, as well as a segregating family from the cross of glossy and waxy onions. In agreement with previous studies, GCMS revealed that the three main waxes on the leaves of a wild type waxy onion were the ketone hentriacontanone-16 (H16) and fatty alcohols octacosanol-1 (Oct) and triacontanol-1 (Tri). The glossy cultivar “Odourless Greenleaf” had a unique phenotype with essentially no H16 and Tri and higher amounts of Oct and the fatty alcohol hexacosanol-1 (Hex). Hyperspectral reflectance profiles were measured on leaves of the onion accessions and segregating family, and partial least-squares regression (PLSR) was utilized to generate a spectral coefficient for every wavelength and prediction models for the amounts of the three major wax components. PLSR predictions were robust with independent validation coefficients of determination at 0.72, 0.70, and 0.42 for H16, Oct, and Tri, respectively. The predicted amounts of H16, Oct, and Tri are the result of an additive effect of multiple spectral features of different intensities. The variation of reflectance for H16, Oct, and Tri revealed unique spectral features at 2259 nm, 645 nm, and 730 nm, respectively. Reflectance spectroscopy successfully revealed a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) for amounts of H16, Oct, and Tri in the segregating family, agreeing with previous genetic studies. This study demonstrates that hyperspectral signatures can be used for non-destructive measurement of major waxes on onion leaves as a basis for rapid plant assessment in support of developing thrips-resistant onions.
机译：植物叶片表面上的凝结性蜡对对非生物应激和植物 - 寄生虫相互作用的耐受性很重要。在洋葱（L.）中，疼痛的蜡的量和类型的变化与昆虫（蓟马）的喂养损伤较少有显着相关。使用使用的气相色谱质谱（GCMS）测量弹性蜡型材，这是一种劳动密集型和相对昂贵的方法。生物化学光谱是一种非破坏性工具，用于测量和分析植物的生理和化学特征。本研究使用GCMS和全范围的生化光谱检查在七个洋葱加入中表征杂迹，具有视觉光泽（低蜡），半光泽（中间蜡）或蜡质（大量蜡）叶子，以及来自的分离家庭光滑和蜡质洋葱的交叉。在与以前的研究方面，GCMS揭示了野生型蜡洋葱叶上的三个主要蜡是酮叶酮酮-16（H16）和脂肪醇八氰醇-1（OCT）和三酰基乙醇-1（三）。有光泽的品种“Otorless Greenleaf”具有独特的表型，基本上没有H16和TRI和较高量的OCT和脂肪醇六烷醇-1（六角）。测量在洋葱附加的叶片和分离家庭的叶片上测量高光谱反射型材，并且利用部分最小二乘回归（PLSR）来为每个波长和预测模型产生频谱系数，用于三个主要蜡组分的量。 PLSR预测分别具有0.72,0.70和0.42的独立验证系数的稳健，分别用于H16，OCT和TRI。预测量的H16，OCT和TRI是不同强度的多谱特征的添加效应的结果。 H16，OCT和TRI的反射率的变化分别显示出在2259nm，645nm和730nm处的独特光谱特征。反射光谱成功揭示了在分离家庭的H16，OCT和Tri的数量的主要定量性状基因座（QTL），同意先前的遗传学研究。本研究表明，高光谱签名可用于洋葱叶片上的主要蜡的非破坏性测量作为快速植物评估支持发展阶段的抗性洋葱的基础。

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