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Optimizing Surface Chemistry of PbS Colloidal Quantum Dot for Highly Efficient and Stable Solar Cells via Chemical Binding

机译:通过化学结合优化高效稳定太阳能电池PBS胶体量子点的表面化学

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摘要

The surface chemistry of colloidal quantum dots (CQD) play a crucial role in fabricating highly efficient and stable solar cells. However, as‐synthesized PbS CQDs are significantly off‐stoichiometric and contain inhomogeneously distributed S and Pb atoms at the surface, which results in undercharged Pb atoms, dangling bonds of S atoms and uncapped sites, thus causing surface trap states. Moreover, conventional ligand exchange processes cannot efficiently eliminate these undesired atom configurations and defect sites. Here, potassium triiodide (KI3) additives are combined with conventional PbX2 matrix ligands to simultaneously eliminate the undercharged Pb species and dangling S sites via reacting with molecular I2 generated from the reversible reaction KI3 ⇌ I2 + KI. Meanwhile, high surface coverage shells on PbS CQDs are built via PbX2 and KI ligands. The implementation of KI3 additives remarkably suppresses the surface trap states and enhances the device stability due to the surface chemistry optimization. The resultant solar cells achieve the best power convention efficiency of 12.1% and retain 94% of its initial efficiency under 20 h continuous operation in air, while the control devices with KI additive deliver an efficiency of 11.0% and retains 87% of their initial efficiency under the same conditions.
机译:胶体量子点(CQD)的表面化学在制造高效稳定的太阳能电池方面发挥着至关重要的作用。然而,如合成的PBS CQDS在表面上显着偏离化学计量,并且在表面上含有不均匀分布的S和PB原子,这导致可充电的PB原子,S原子和未粘贴的位点的悬挂键,从而导致表面捕集状态。此外,常规的配体交换过程不能有效地消除这些不期望的原子配置和缺陷位点。这里,将三碘化钾(KI3)添加剂与常规的PBX2基质配体组合,同时通过与从可逆反应Ki3×I2 + Ki产生的分子I2反应来同时消除可充电的Pb物种和悬空的Sita。同时,PBS CQD上的高表面覆盖壳由PBX2和Ki配体构建。 Ki3添加剂的实施显着抑制了表面捕集状态并通过表面化学优化而增强了器件稳定性。得到的太阳能电池达到最佳的电力公约效率12.1%,并在20小时内保持94%的初始效率在空气中连续运行,而具有Ki添加剂的控制装置提供11.0%的效率,并保留其初始效率的87%在相同的条件下。

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