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Cytoplasmic genome of Indian potato varieties and breeding lines vis a vis prospects in potato breeding

机译：印度土豆品种及育种线的细胞质基因组在马铃薯育种中的展望

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Advances in research resulted in development of a simple, rapid and reliable multiplex PCR protocol for cytoplasm differentiation in potato. Applying this rapid technique, we assessed the cytoplasm diversity in 57 Indian potato varieties, 15 popular exotic varieties and 47 biotic stress resistance breeding parental lines using five DNA based markers. Results revealed that T is the predominant cytoplasm type followed by D in Indian and exotic potato varieties as well as parental lines. The proportion of T and D type cytoplasm was 77.2% and 19.3% and 73.3% and 20.0% in Indian and exotic varieties, respectively. A and W type were found in one variety each, while M and P were missing in Indian varieties. All the popular Indian table potato varieties have tuberosum type cytoplasm with few exceptions of varieties bred for biotic stress resistance namely Kufri Himalini, Kufri Girdhari, carrying demissum cytoplasm. Opposite was true for Indian processing cultivars with the exception of Kufri Chipsona 4, which had T type cytoplasm. Evaluation of biotic stress resistance breeding parental lines showed increasing use of D (34.0%) and W (12.8%) cytoplasm in comparison to previously bred varieties. Although D type cytoplasm is associated with late blight resistance and male sterility, all Indian cultivars with D type cytoplasm are not resistant to late blight, nor they all are male sterile. Male fertile D type cytoplasm and the cytoplasms showing good interaction between cytoplasmic and nuclear gene for agronomic traits should be incorporated in the parental lines. Efforts must also be done to diversify the cytoplasm of cultivated potato with at least semi-cultivated cytoplasm types.
机译：研究进展导致在马铃薯分化的简单，快速可靠的多重PCR方案的发展。应用这种快速技术，我们评估了57个印度土豆品种的细胞质多样性，15个受欢迎的异种品种和47个生物胁迫性抗性育种育种育种，使用五种基于DNA的标记。结果显示，T是主要的细胞质类型，然后是印度和异国情调的土豆品种以及父母素。印度和异国情调的品种，T和D型细胞质的比例分别为77.2％和19.3％和73.3％和20.0％。 A和W型在各种中被发现，而M和P在印度品种中缺失。所有受欢迎的印度餐桌土豆品种都有肺科型细胞质，少数各种品种为生物胁迫阻力，即Kufri Himalini，Kufri Girdhari，携带牛仔细胞质。对于印度加工品种而言，对面是真实的，除了Kufri Chipsona 4，它具有T型细胞质。生物应激抗性育种育种的评价显示与先前繁殖的品种相比，D（34.0％）和W（12.8％）细胞质的使用增加使用。虽然D型细胞质与晚期抗抗性和雄性不育有关，但是所有带有D型细胞质的印度品种都不抗抗枯萎病，也不是雄性不育。雄性肥沃的细胞质和表现出在父母的细胞状和农艺性状的细胞质和核基因之间的良好相互作用的细胞质应纳入父母的术语中。还必须努力使栽培马铃薯的细胞质与至少半栽培细胞质类型多样化。

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