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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Effect of Ridge Height Row Grade and Field Slope on Nutrient Losses in Runoff in Contour Ridge Systems under Seepage with Rainfall Condition
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Effect of Ridge Height Row Grade and Field Slope on Nutrient Losses in Runoff in Contour Ridge Systems under Seepage with Rainfall Condition

机译：利用降雨条件下探险脊髓脊髓脊架系统径流营养损失对河豚的影响

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摘要

Seepage plays a key role in nutrient loss and easily occurs in widely-used contour ridge systems due to the ponding process. However, the characteristics of nutrient loss and its influential factors under seepage with rainfall condition in contour ridge systems are still unclear. In this study, 23 seepage and rainfall simulation experiments are arranged in an orthogonal rotatable central composite design to investigate the role of ridge height, row grade, and field slope on Nitrate (NO3−–N) and Orthophosphate (PO4+3–P) losses resulting from seepage in contour ridge systems. In total, three types of NO3−–N and PO4+3–P loss were observed according to erosion processes of inter-rill–headward, inter-rill–headward–contour failure, and inter-rill–headward–contour failure–rill. Our results demonstrated that second-order polynomial regression models were obtained to predict NO3−–N and PO4+3–P loss with the independent variables of ridge height, row grade, and field slope. Ridge height was the most important factor for nutrient loss, with a significantly positive effect and the greatest contribution (52.35–53.47%). The secondary factor of row grade exerted a significant and negative effect, and was with a contribution of 19.86–24.11% to nutrient loss. The interaction between ridge height and row grade revealed a significantly negative effect on NO3−–N loss, whereas interactions among the three factors did not significantly affect PO4+3–P loss. Field slope only significantly affected NO3−–N loss. The optimal design of a contour ridge system to control nutrient loss was obtained at ridge height of 8 cm, row grade of 2°, and field slope of 6.5°. This study provides a method to assess and model nutrient loss, and improves guidance to implement contour ridge systems in terms of nutrient loss control.
机译：渗透在营养损失中起着关键作用，并且由于池塘过程而轻松地发生在广泛使用的轮廓脊系统中。然而，在轮廓脊系统中具有降雨条件的渗流下养分丧失的特征及其影响因素仍然不明确。在本研究中，23个渗流和降雨模拟实验布置在正交的可旋转中央复合设计中，以研究脊高度，行等级和野外斜率对硝酸盐（NO3 - N）和正磷酸盐（PO4 + 3-P）的作用轮廓脊系统渗漏引起的损失。总共有三种类型的NO3 - N和PO4 + 3-P损耗，根据植物间，罗尔际，rill-头部轮廓故障和植物间 - 头轮廓失效 - 溃填种。我们的结果表明，获得二阶多项式回归模型以预测No3 - N和PO4 + 3-P与脊高，行等级和场斜率的独立变量。脊高度是营养损失最重要的因素，具有显着积极的影响和最大贡献（52.35-53.47％）。行等级的次要因素施加了显着和负面影响，营养损失的贡献为19.86-24.11％。脊高度和行等级之间的相互作用对NO3 - N损失显示出显着的负面影响，而三种因素之间的相互作用没有显着影响PO4 + 3-P损失。场斜坡仅受到显着影响的NO3 - N损失。在脊高8厘米，行等级为2°的脊高度，距离为6.5°的场斜率，获得了控制营养损耗的最佳设计。本研究提供了一种评估和模拟营养损失的方法，并提高了在营养损失控制方面实施轮廓脊系统的指导。

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