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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis >The Effects of Prompting and Feedback on Drivers Stopping at Stop Signs
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The Effects of Prompting and Feedback on Drivers Stopping at Stop Signs

机译：提示和反馈对驾驶员在停车标志处停车的影响

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摘要

Complete stops at a high-traffic intersection on the campus of a public university were increased with a prompting and consequence intervention. Data were collected at two opposing stop signs (Stop A and Stop B); however, the intervention was implemented only at Stop A. During the intervention, a volunteer stood next to Stop A holding a poster that read, “Please Stop—I Care,” with “Thank You For Stopping” on the reverse side. The poster was held by the volunteer so that drivers approaching Stop A could read the sign. Drivers approaching Stop B could see the volunteer but could not read the sign. When vehicles approaching Stop A made a complete stop, the volunteer flashed the “thank you” side of the poster to the driver. The strategy was evaluated using a multielement design. The intervention increased stops completed at Stop A from a baseline average of 13% to an intervention average of 52%. Stop B also showed improved stopping, from a baseline average of 6% to an intervention average of 28%. Data showed no relation between complete stops made and the drivers' use of turn signals and safety belts.
机译：在提示和后果干预下，增加了公立大学校园中交通繁忙的十字路口的停车站。在两个相对的停车标志（停车A和停车B）处收集数据；但是，干预仅在Stop A处实施。在干预期间，一名志愿者站在Stop A旁边，拿着写有“请停下来，我在乎”的标语，背面写着“谢谢您停下来”。海报是由志愿者持有的，以便驶近车站A的驾驶员可以阅读该标志。驶向车站B的驾驶员可以看到志愿者，但看不见路标。当驶向A站的车辆完全停下来时，志愿者向驾驶员闪了招贴的“谢谢”一面。使用多元素设计对策略进行了评估。干预使在Stop A处完成的停留从基线平均值13％增加到干预平均值52％。停止B也显示出更好的停止，从基线平均6％到干预平均28％。数据显示完全停止与驾驶员使用转向信号灯和安全带之间没有关系。

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