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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Health Policy and Management >Women in Healthcare: Barriers and Enablers from a Developing Country Perspective
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Women in Healthcare: Barriers and Enablers from a Developing Country Perspective

机译：保健中的妇女：发展中国家的障碍和推动者

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>Background: As the under-representation of women in management positions continues to persist globally, little is known about the experiences of women in the healthcare sector in the context of the developing Middle Eastern nations. In an attempt to address this knowledge gap, the current study explores some of the barriers that hinder and the enablers that foster women’s career advancement in the healthcare sector. To meet its objectives, the current study uses a relational approach that integrates the macro socio-cultural, meso-organisational, and micro-individual levels of analysis. >Methods: Guided by institutional theory as a theoretical framework and social constructionism as a philosophical stance, the current study adopts a qualitative research methodology. It capitalizes on in-depth, semi-structured, face-to-face interviews with women managers in different occupational fields, across the managerial hierarchy in the healthcare sector in Lebanon. Snowballing and purposeful sampling procedures were used, and the interviews were analysed using thematic analysis, focusing on identifying new, emerging themes. >Results: The results of the study confirm the salience of discriminatory cultural values, gendered social roles and expectations in Middle Eastern societies, and illustrate their role as barriers hindering women’s career advancement. The results also portray the spillover effect of societal expectations and cultural gender stereotypes into the organisational realm, resulting in widely experienced attitudinal and structural organisational barriers. This study also illustrates how the enablers that facilitate and promote women’s career progression unfold amidst the interplay between the macro and meso factors, lending credence to the role of women’s agency at the individual micro level. Amongst the toll of barriers, Middle Eastern women navigate the patriarchy of their cultures and the discrimination inherent in their organisations by using their agency and persistence as they construct and negotiate their careers in management. >Conclusion: This study provides new knowledge on the status of Middle Eastern women in the healthcare sector, a sub-category of female employees that to date, is under-researched. It primarily highlights the role of agency in building women’s careers. It also stresses the notion that the complexity of women’s careers in the healthcare sector can be best understood using a relational approach that highlights the intersectionality between gender, agency, socio-cultural realities and organisational boundaries.
机译：>背景：由于全球担任管理职务的妇女人数不足，在中东发展中国家中，妇女在医疗保健部门的经历知之甚少。为了解决这一知识鸿沟，当前的研究探索了一些障碍，以及促进妇女在医疗保健领域职业发展的因素。为了实现其目标，当前的研究使用一种关系方法，将宏观社会文化，中观组织和微观个体的分析水平进行了整合。 >方法：本研究以制度理论为理论框架，以社会建构主义为哲学立场，采用定性研究方法。它利用与黎巴嫩医疗保健部门整个管理阶层中不同职业领域的女经理进行的深入，半结构化的面对面访谈。使用滚雪球和有目的的抽样程序，并使用主题分析对访谈进行分析，重点是确定新出现的主题。 >结果：研究结果证实了歧视性文化价值观，性别社会角色和中东社会期望的显着性，并说明了她们作为阻碍女性职业发展的障碍。结果还描绘了社会期望和文化性别定型观念对组织领域的溢出效应，从而导致了经验丰富的态度和结构性组织障碍。这项研究还说明，在宏观因素和中观因素之间的相互作用下，促进和促进女性职业发展的推动因素是如何发挥作用的，从而在单个微观层面上增强了女性代理机构的作用。在各种障碍中，中东妇女通过在组织和谈判管理职业时运用代理和坚持不懈的精神，来驾驭其父权制文化和组织固有的歧视。 >结论：该研究提供了有关中东女性在医疗保健领域中的地位的最新知识，该领域是迄今为止尚未进行研究的女性雇员的一个子类别。它主要强调代理机构在建立女性职业中的作用。它还强调了这样一种观念，即使用关系方法可以更好地理解女性在医疗保健行业的复杂性，这种关系方法突出了性别，代理，社会文化现实和组织边界之间的相互关系。

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