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Embryonic Stem Cells Exhibit mRNA Isoform Specific Translational Regulation

机译:胚胎干细胞表现出mRNA亚型特异性翻译调控。

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摘要

The presence of multiple variants for many mRNAs is a major contributor to protein diversity. The processing of these variants is tightly controlled in a cell-type specific manner and has a significant impact on gene expression control. Here we investigate the differential translation rates of individual mRNA variants in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and in ESC derived Neural Precursor Cells (NPCs) using polysome profiling coupled to RNA sequencing. We show that there are a significant number of detectable mRNA variants in ESCs and NPCs and that many of them show variant specific translation rates. This is correlated with differences in the UTRs of the variants with the 5’UTR playing a predominant role. We suggest that mRNA variants that contain alternate UTRs are under different post-transcriptional controls. This is likely due to the presence or absence of miRNA and protein binding sites that regulate translation rate. This highlights the importance of addressing translation rate when using mRNA levels as a read out of protein abundance. Additional analysis shows that many annotated non-coding mRNAs are present on the polysome fractions in ESCs and NPCs. We believe that the use of polysome fractionation coupled to RNA sequencing is a useful method for analysis of the translation state of many different RNAs in the cell.
机译:许多mRNA的多种变体的存在是蛋白质多样性的主要贡献者。这些变体的加工以细胞类型特异性的方式严格控制,并且对基因表达控制有重大影响。在这里,我们使用多核糖体分析与RNA测序技术研究胚胎干细胞(ESC)和ESC衍生的神经前体细胞(NPC)中各个mRNA变体的差异翻译率。我们显示在ESC和NPC中有大量可检测的mRNA变体,其中许多显示出变体特异性翻译率。这与变体的UTR差异有关,其中5’UTR起主要作用。我们建议包含替代UTR的mRNA变体处于不同的转录后控制之下。这可能是由于调节翻译速率的miRNA和蛋白质结合位点的存在与否。当使用mRNA水平作为蛋白质丰度的读数时,这突出了解决翻译速率的重要性。进一步的分析显示,ESC和NPC中的多核糖体级分上存在许多带注释的非编码mRNA。我们认为,将多核糖体分级分离与RNA测序结合使用是分析细胞中许多不同RNA的翻译状态的有用方法。

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