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Gorilla MHC class I gene and sequence variation in a comparative context

机译：大猩猩I类MHC基因和序列变异

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摘要

Comparisons of MHC gene content and diversity among closely related species can provide insights into the evolutionary mechanisms shaping immune system variation. After chimpanzees and bonobos, gorillas are humans’ closest living relatives; but in contrast, relatively little is known about the structure and variation of gorilla MHC class I genes (Gogo). Here, we combined long-range amplifications and long-read sequencing technology to analyze full-length MHC class I genes in 35 gorillas. We obtained 50 full-length genomic sequences corresponding to 15 Gogo-A alleles, 4 Gogo-Oko alleles, 21 Gogo-B alleles, and 10 Gogo-C alleles including 19 novel coding region sequences. We identified two previously undetected MHC class I genes related to Gogo-A and Gogo-B, respectively, thereby illustrating the potential of this approach for efficient and highly accurate MHC genotyping. Consistent with their phylogenetic position within the hominid family, individual gorilla MHC haplotypes share characteristics with humans and chimpanzees as well as orangutans suggesting a complex history of the MHC class I genes in humans and the great apes. However, the overall MHC class I diversity appears to be low further supporting the hypothesis that gorillas might have experienced a reduction of their MHC repertoire.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00251-017-0974-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
机译：MHC基因含量和密切相关物种之间的多样性的比较可以提供洞察力形成免疫系统变异的进化机制。在黑猩猩和bo黑猩猩之后，大猩猩是人类的近亲。但是相比之下，关于大猩猩MHC I类基因（Gogo）的结构和变异的信息知之甚少。在这里，我们结合了远距离扩增和长时间阅读测序技术，分析了35只大猩猩的全长MHC I类基因。我们获得了对应于15个Gogo-A等位基因，4个Gogo-Oko等位基因，21个Gogo-B等位基因和10个Gogo-C等位基因的50个全长基因组序列，包括19个新的编码区序列。我们鉴定了两个分别未发现的与Gogo-A和Gogo-B相关的MHC I类基因，从而说明了该方法在高效且高度准确的MHC基因分型中的潜力。大猩猩MHC单倍型与人类，黑猩猩以及猩猩具有共同的特征，这与它们在人类家族中的系统发育位置一致，这表明人类和大猿猴中MHC I类基因的历史很复杂。但是，总体I类MHC多样性似乎较低，进一步支持了大猩猩可能经历过其MHC组成减少的假说。电子补充材料本文的在线版本（doi：10.1007 / s00251-017-0974-x）包含补充材料，授权用户可以使用。

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