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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Wiley-Blackwell Online Open >Human hypertrophic and keloid scar models: principles limitations and future challenges from a tissue engineering perspective
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Human hypertrophic and keloid scar models: principles limitations and future challenges from a tissue engineering perspective

机译：人体肥大和瘢痕loid疤痕模型：从组织工程学角度看的原理局限性和未来挑战

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摘要

Most cutaneous wounds heal with scar formation. Ideally, an inconspicuous normotrophic scar is formed, but an abnormal scar (hypertrophic scar or keloid) can also develop. A major challenge to scientists and physicians is to prevent adverse scar formation after severe trauma (e.g. burn injury) and understand why some individuals will form adverse scars even after relatively minor injury. Currently, many different models exist to study scar formation, ranging from simple monolayer cell culture to 3D tissue-engineered models even to humanized mouse models. Currently, these high-/medium-throughput test models avoid the main questions referring to why an adverse scar forms instead of a normotrophic scar and what causes a hypertrophic scar to form rather than a keloid scar and also, how is the genetic predisposition of the individual and the immune system involved. This information is essential if we are to identify new drug targets and develop optimal strategies in the future to prevent adverse scar formation. This viewpoint review summarizes the progress on in vitro and animal scar models, stresses the limitations in the current models and identifies the future challenges if scar-free healing is to be achieved in the future.
机译：大多数皮肤伤口会愈合并形成疤痕。理想情况下，会形成不明显的营养缺陷型疤痕，但异常疤痕（肥大性疤痕或瘢痕loid）也会发展。科学家和医生面临的主要挑战是如何防止严重创伤（例如烧伤）后形成不利的疤痕，并了解为什么有些人即使受到相对较小的伤害也会形成不利的疤痕。当前，存在许多不同的模型来研究疤痕的形成，范围从简单的单层细胞培养到3D组织工程模型，甚至到人性化的小鼠模型。当前，这些高/中通量测试模型回避了主要问题，这些主要问题涉及为什么形成不良疤痕而不是正常营养性疤痕，是什么导致形成肥大性疤痕而不是瘢痕scar疤痕，以及遗传的遗传倾向如何？个人和免疫系统。如果我们将来要确定新的药物靶点并制定最佳策略以防止不良疤痕形成，则此信息至关重要。该观点综述总结了体外和动物疤痕模型的研究进展，强调了当前模型的局限性，并确定了未来要实现无疤痕愈合的未来挑战。

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