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Sol-Gel-Based Advanced Porous Silica Materials for Biomedical Applications

机译：基于溶胶 - 凝胶的生物医学应用的先进多孔二氧化硅材料

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Porous silica-based materials have burgeoning applications ranging from fillers and additives, to adsorbents, catalysts, and recently therapeutic agents and vaccines in nanomedicine. The preponderance of these materials is made by sol-gel processing wherein soluble silica precursors are reacted to form amorphous networks composed of siloxane bonds. The facile sol-gel approach allows for an unlimited variety of binary tertiary and more complex chemical compositions including organic ligands and networks resulting in so-called organic-inorganic hybrid materials. Here, a brief review of the recent progress in sol-gel-derived silica materials prepared as particles, thin films, biosilica/silica bioreplicas (of molecules, cells and organisms), and their related preparation, properties, and bioapplications is provided. First, it highlights the recent achievements of mesoporous silica nanoparticles in biomedical applications, including therapeutic agent delivery, multimodal imaging and theranostics, and bone tissue engineering and repair. Second, the research in evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA)-based mesostructured silica thin films and cell-directed EISA in bioano interfaces for various bioapplications, such as bioactive coatings, biosensing, and living cell immobilization, has been reviewed. Third, the pioneering work in biomimetic silicification/immobilization of biomolecules and bio-organisms and silica bioreplication of complex bio-organisms is summarized. Finally, it is concluded with personal perspectives on the directions of future work on this field.
机译：多孔二氧化硅基材料具有从填料和添加剂，吸附剂，催化剂和最近治疗剂和纳米胺中的疫苗的爆炸应用。这些材料的优势是通过溶胶 - 凝胶处理制成的，其中可溶性二氧化硅前体反应以形成由硅氧烷键组成的无定形网络。容量溶胶 - 凝胶方法允许无限多种二元叔和更复杂的化学组合物，包括有机配体和网络，导致所谓的有机 - 无机杂化材料。这里，提供了作为粒子，薄膜，生物硅藻/二氧化硅生物瓶（分子，细胞和生物）的最近制备的溶胶 - 凝胶衍生的二氧化硅材料的进展以及它们的相关制备，性质和生物缺像。首先，它突出了近期生物医学应用中的中孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒的近期成果，包括治疗剂递送，多峰影像和治疗剂，以及骨组织工程和修复。其次，已经回顾了蒸发诱导的自组装（EISA）的越野型二氧化硅薄膜和细胞导向的EISA，用于各种生物缺陷，例如生物活性涂层，生物沉积和活细胞固定。第三，总结了生物分子的仿生硅化/固定化的开拓性和复杂生物生物的生物生物和二氧化硅生物综合。最后，在未来在这一领域的工作方向上结束了个人观点。

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