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Combination of Surface Charge and Size Controls the Cellular Uptake of Functionalized Graphene Sheets

机译:表面电荷和尺寸的组合控制功能化石墨烯片的细胞吸收

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摘要

A fundamental issue for biomedical applications of graphene is the correlation between its physicochemical properties and cellular uptake mechanism. However, such studies are challenging due to the intrinsic polydispersity of graphene. In this work, a series of water soluble graphene sheets with the same polymer coverage, density of functional groups, and fluorescence intensity but three different sizes and surface charges are produced. The effect of the latter two factors and their combination on the mechanism of cellular uptake and intracellular pathways of these defined nanosheets is investigated via confocal and Raman microscopies. While positively (-NH3+) and negatively (-OSO3-) charged sheets show an energy dependent uptake, their neutral analogs do not show any significant uptake. The cellular uptake efficacy of positively charged graphene sheets is independent of the size and occurs both through phagocytosis and clathrin-mediated endocytosis pathways. However, cellular uptake efficacy of graphene sheets with negative surface charge strongly depends on the size of the sheets. They cross the membrane mainly through phagocytosis and sulfate-receptor-mediated endocytosis. This study demonstrates that the impact of the size of graphene derivatives on their cellular uptake pathways highly depends on their surface charges and vice versa.
机译:石墨烯生物医学应用的一个基本问题是其物理化学性质与细胞摄取机制之间的相关性。然而,由于石墨烯固有的多分散性,这些研究具有挑战性。在这项工作中,产生了一系列水溶性石墨烯片材,它们具有相同的聚合物覆盖率,官能团密度和荧光强度,但具有三种不同的尺寸和表面电荷。通过共聚焦和拉曼显微镜研究了后两个因素及其组合对这些确定的纳米片的细胞摄取和细胞内途径的机制的影响。虽然带正电荷(-NH3 +)和带负电荷(-OSO3-)的能量依赖吸收,但它们的中性类似物没有明显的吸收。带正电的石墨烯片的细胞吸收功效与大小无关,并且通过吞噬作用和网格蛋白介导的内吞途径而发生。然而,具有负表面电荷的石墨烯片的细胞吸收功效强烈取决于片的尺寸。它们主要通过吞噬作用和硫酸盐受体介导的内吞作用穿过膜。这项研究表明,石墨烯衍生物的大小对其细胞摄取途径的影响高度取决于其表面电荷,反之亦然。

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  • 来源
    《Advanced Functional Materials》 |2017年第33期|1701837.1-1701837.11|共11页
  • 作者单位

    Free Univ Berlin, Inst Chem & Biochem, Takustr 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany;

    Free Univ Berlin, Inst Chem & Biochem, Takustr 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany;

    Free Univ Berlin, Inst Chem & Biochem, Takustr 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany;

    Albert Ludwigs Univ Freiburg, Inst Macromol Chem, Freiburg Mat Res Ctr FMF, Stefan Meier Str 31, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany;

    Free Univ Berlin, Inst Chem & Biochem, Takustr 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany;

    Free Univ Berlin, Inst Chem & Biochem, Takustr 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany;

    Free Univ Berlin, Inst Chem & Biochem, Takustr 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany|Lorestan Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Chem, Khorramabad 6815144316, Iran;

    Free Univ Berlin, Inst Chem & Biochem, Takustr 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    cellular uptake; endocytic pathways; graphene; sheet size; surface charge;

    机译:细胞摄取;内吞途径;石墨烯;片层大小;表面电荷;

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