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Shape memory alloy-based mechanism for aeronautical application: Theory, optimization and experiment

机译：基于形状记忆合金的航空应用机理：理论，优化和实验

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Efforts to create efficient and lighter aeronautical structures are defining morphing systems especially those associated with smart materials. In this regard, three simple mechanisms using shape memory alloy (SMA) wires are investigated to generate torque that could be used for flap actuation. The devices consist of an SMA wire biased by a linear spring in the following configurations: concurrent, collinear, and in parallel attached to a pulley. The design of such mechanisms are modeled, optimized, and experimentally verified. The model for the flap consists of two rigid bodies, one fixed and the other rotating, with a single actuator connected to each body. Aerodynamic loading and heat transfer analysis are also considered. The model utilizes the thermomechanical properties for an SMA wire experimentally characterized via improved inverse problem techniques. A multiobjective genetic optimization is implemented to find designs for the three configurations that minimize power consumption and maximize flap deflection magnitude. Overall, as design complexity (i.e., number of degrees of freedom) increases, the power to achieve a certain flap deflection decreases. The maximum deflection for all three mechanisms is sufficient for typical aircraft operations. Finally, numerical results were verified via an experimental apparatus, where similar performance to the model was achieved. (C) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
机译：建立高效，轻便的航空结构的努力正在定义变形系统，尤其是与智能材料相关的变形系统。在这方面，研究了使用形状记忆合金（SMA）线的三种简单机制，以产生可用于襟翼致动的扭矩。该设备由SMA线组成，该SMA线由线性弹簧偏置，并具有以下配置：同时，共线和平行连接到皮带轮。对此类机制的设计进行了建模，优化和实验验证。襟翼的模型由两个刚体组成，一个刚体固定，另一个刚体旋转，每个刚体均连接有一个执行器。还考虑了空气动力学载荷和传热分析。该模型利用SMA线的热机械特性，通过改进的反问题技术对SMA线进行了实验表征。实现了多目标遗传优化，以找到针对三种配置的设计，以最小化功耗并最大化襟翼偏转量。总体而言，随着设计复杂度（即，自由度的数量）增加，实现特定襟翼偏转的能力降低。这三种机构的最大挠度足以满足典型的飞机操作。最后，通过实验装置验证了数值结果，在该装置上获得了与模型相似的性能。 （C）2018 Elsevier Masson SAS。版权所有。

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