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首页> 外文期刊>Annals of Biomedical Engineering >Sample Pretreatment and Nucleic Acid-Based Detection for Fast Diagnosis Utilizing Microfluidic Systems
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Sample Pretreatment and Nucleic Acid-Based Detection for Fast Diagnosis Utilizing Microfluidic Systems

机译：样品预处理和基于核酸的检测，可利用微流控系统进行快速诊断

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摘要

Recently, micro-electro-mechanical-systems (MEMS) technology and micromachining techniques have enabled miniaturization of biomedical devices and systems. Not only do these techniques facilitate the development of miniaturized instrumentation for biomedical analysis, but they also open a new era for integration of microdevices for performing accurate and sensitive diagnostic assays. A so-called “micro-total-analysis-system”, which integrates sample pretreatment, transport, reaction, and detection on a small chip in an automatic format, can be realized by combining functional microfluidic components manufactured by specific MEMS technologies. Among the promising applications using microfluidic technologies, nucleic acid-based detection has shown considerable potential recently. For instance, micro-polymerase chain reaction chips for rapid DNA amplification have attracted considerable interest. In addition, microfluidic devices for rapid sample pretreatment prior to nucleic acid-based detection have also achieved significant progress in the recent years. In this review paper, microfluidic systems for sample preparation, nucleic acid amplification and detection for fast diagnosis will be reviewed. These microfluidic devices and systems have several advantages over their large-scale counterparts, including lower sample/reagent consumption, lower power consumption, compact size, faster analysis, and lower per unit cost. The development of these microfluidic devices and systems may provide a revolutionary platform technology for fast sample pretreatment and accurate, sensitive diagnosis.
机译：近来，微机电系统（MEMS）技术和微加工技术已经使生物医学设备和系统小型化。这些技术不仅促进了用于生物医学分析的小型仪器的开发，而且还为集成用于执行精确和灵敏诊断分析的微型设备打开了新时代。可以通过组合由特定MEMS技术制造的功能性微流体组件来实现所谓的“微全分析系统”，该系统将样品的预处理，运输，反应和检测功能自动集成在一个小芯片上。在使用微流体技术的有前途的应用中，基于核酸的检测近来已显示出巨大的潜力。例如，用于快速DNA扩增的微聚合酶链反应芯片引起了极大的兴趣。另外，近年来，在基于核酸的检测之前用于快速样品预处理的微流体装置也取得了重大进展。在这篇综述文件中，将对用于样品制备，核酸扩增和快速诊断的微流体系统进行综述。这些微流控设备和系统相对于其大型同类设备具有多个优势，包括更低的样品/试剂消耗，更低的功耗，紧凑的尺寸，更快的分析以及更低的每单位成本。这些微流体装置和系统的发展可能会提供革命性的平台技术，用于快速样品预处理和准确，灵敏的诊断。

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