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Regulation of lipid metabolism by the orphan nuclear receptors

机译:孤儿核受体对脂质代谢的调节

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Lipids (cholesterol and fatty acids) are essential nutriments and have a major impact on gene expression. Hence cholesterol intracellular concentration is precisely controlled by some complex mechanisms involving transcriptional regulations. The excess of cholesterol in cells is converted into oxysterols. These cholesterol metab- olites are important signalisation molecules that modulate several transcription fac- tors involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Schematically, regulation of cholesterol homeostasis is achieved by three different but complementatry pathways: 1) endo- geneous biosynthesis, which corresponds to the de novo synthesis of cholesterol and is controlled by sterol response element binding proteins (SREBPs); 2) the transport, intracellular absorption and esterification of the cholesterol; 3) the met- abolic conversion into bile acids and steroid hormones.
机译:脂质(胆固醇和脂肪酸)是必需的营养物质,对基因表达有重大影响。因此,胆固醇细胞内浓度是通过涉及转录调控的一些复杂机制精确控制的。细胞中过量的胆固醇会转化为氧固醇。这些胆固醇代谢物是重要的信号转导分子,可调节涉及胆固醇稳态的几种转录因子。从原理上讲,胆固醇稳态的调节是通过三种不同但互补的途径来实现的:1)内源性生物合成,对应于胆固醇的从头合成,并受固醇反应元件结合蛋白(SREBPs)的控制; 2)胆固醇的运输,细胞内吸收和酯化; 3)代谢转化为胆汁酸和类固醇激素。

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