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首页> 外文期刊>Apoptosis >Singapore grouper iridovirus, a large DNA virus, induces nonapoptotic cell death by a cell type dependent fashion and evokes ERK signaling
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Singapore grouper iridovirus, a large DNA virus, induces nonapoptotic cell death by a cell type dependent fashion and evokes ERK signaling

机译:新加坡石斑鱼iridovirus,一种大的DNA病毒,通过细胞类型依赖性方式诱导非凋亡细胞死亡,并引发ERK信号转导

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Virus induced cell death, including apoptosis and nonapoptotic cell death, plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of viral diseases. Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV), a novel iridovirus of genus Ranavirus, causes high mortality and heavy economic losses in grouper aquaculture. Here, using fluorescence microscopy, electron microscopy and biochemical assays, we found that SGIV infection in host (grouper spleen, EAGS) cells evoked nonapoptotic programmed cell death (PCD), characterized by appearance of cytoplasmic vacuoles and distended endoplasmic reticulum, in the absence of DNA fragmentation, apoptotic bodies and caspase activation. In contrast, SGIV induced typical apoptosis in non-host (fathead minnow, FHM) cells, as evidenced by caspase activation and DNA fragmentation, suggesting that SGIV infection induced nonapoptotic cell death by a cell type dependent fashion. Furthermore, viral replication was essential for SGIV induced nonapoptotic cell death, but not for apoptosis. Notably, the disruption of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm) and externalization of phosphatidylserine (PS) were not detected in EAGS cells but in FHM cells after SGIV infection. Moreover, the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling was involved in SGIV infection induced nonapoptotic cell death and viral replication. This is a first demonstration of ERK-mediated nonapoptotic cell death induced by a DNA virus. These findings contribute to understanding the mechanisms of iridovirus pathogenesis.
机译:病毒诱导的细胞死亡,包括细胞凋亡和非凋亡性细胞死亡,在病毒性疾病的发病机理中起着至关重要的作用。新加坡石斑鱼虹膜病毒(SGIV)是一种新的蛙病毒属的虹膜病毒,在石斑鱼养殖中引起高死亡率和严重的经济损失。在这里,使用荧光显微镜,电子显微镜和生化分析,我们发现宿主(石斑鱼脾,EAGS)细胞中的SGIV感染引起非凋亡程序性细胞死亡(PCD),其特征是在不存在卵泡的情况下出现了胞浆液泡和内质网扩张DNA断裂,凋亡小体和caspase活化。相反,如胱天蛋白酶激活和DNA片段化所证明的那样,SGIV诱导了非宿主(无头小鱼,FHM)细胞中的典型凋亡,这表明SGIV感染以细胞类型依赖性的方式诱导了非凋亡性细胞死亡。此外,病毒复制对于SGIV诱导的非凋亡细胞死亡是必不可少的,但对于细胞凋亡则不是。值得注意的是,在SGIV感染后,在EAGS细胞中未检测到线粒体跨膜电位(ΔΨm)的破坏和磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)的外在化。此外,细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)信号参与SGIV感染诱导的非凋亡细胞死亡和病毒复制。这是由DNA病毒诱导的ERK介导的非凋亡细胞死亡的第一个证明。这些发现有助于了解虹膜病毒的发病机理。

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