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Secondary job holding in Germany

机译:德国的二级工作

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摘要

Since 2003, the number and ratio of multiple jobholders has more than doubled, although the German labour market has been experiencing a strong and sustained upswing. This study analyses multiple jobholding from a time series as well as a cross section perspective. We use rich register data and multinomial logit estimations. The microeconometric findings are linked to macroeconomic trends. Workers hold multiple jobs primarily because of earnings ' or hours ' constraints in the main job. Towards the upper end of the earnings distribution, the probability to have another job does not rise again. Thus, we do not find evidence that another job shall enrich the job portfolio as such. Moreover, female workers, migrants, workers in West Germany as well as in service sectors have a higher than average probability of multiple jobholding. However, the individual factors explain the rise of multiple jobholding over time to a very small extent. Hence, we argue that the far-reaching exemption of second marginal jobs from social security contributions and taxes sets wrong incentives.
机译:自2003年以来,虽然德国劳动力市场一直经历了强大而持续的上涨,但多个工作人员的数量和比例增加了一倍多。本研究分析了一系列时间序列以及横截面的视角来分析多重备注。我们使用丰富的寄存器数据和多项式Lo​​git估算。微生物结果与宏观经济趋势相关联。工人主要是因为主要工作中的收益或数小时的限制而持有多个工作。朝着收益分布的上端,有另一份工作的概率再次增加。因此,我们没有发现另一项工作应丰富工作组合。此外,女性工人,移民,西德国的工人以及服务部门的工作部门的多重议房平均概率高。然而,个人因素在很小程度上解释了随着时间的推移多次备注的增加。因此,我们认为,来自社会保障捐款和税收的第二次边际工作的深远豁免了,包括错误的激励措施。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Applied Economics》 |2020年第30期|3238-3256|共19页
  • 作者

    Klinger Sabine; Weber Enzo;

  • 作者单位

    Inst Employment Res Res Dept Forecasts & Macroecon Anal Nurnberg Germany|Univ Regensburg Chair Empir Econ Univ Str 31 Regensburg Germany;

    Inst Employment Res Res Dept Forecasts & Macroecon Anal Nurnberg Germany|Univ Regensburg Chair Empir Econ Univ Str 31 Regensburg Germany|IOS Regensburg Germany;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Secondary job holding; low pay segment; multinomial logit model; macroeconomic development;

    机译:二级工作持有;低薪段;多项式Lo​​git模型;宏观经济发展;

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