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Sample-Induced Resistance Estimation in Magnetic Resonance Experiments: Simulation and Comparison of Two Methods

机译:磁共振实验中的样品感应电阻估计:两种方法的仿真和比较

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摘要

Signal-to-noise ratio estimation in magnetic resonance experiments requires the knowledge of sample-induced resistance value, where the sample can be protein solutes, cell suspensions, plants, animals, portions of human body or saline solution phantoms. Many authors studied sample–coil interaction using homogeneous infinitely long cylinders, spheres or half-space as approximations of the sample geometry. However, in real magnetic resonance experiments, both sample shape and dimensions can be very different with respect to these models. This paper describes and compares two different methods developed by the authors for sample-induced resistance estimation, both useful for predicting the performance of radio-frequency coils strictly coupled to the sample, where the knowledge of a sample–coil interaction model permits to estimate the different noise contributors. The main goal of our research is testing the proposed algorithms and finding their limitations by comparing their performances for a simple case which uses a sample simplified geometry. The first method, based on the magnetostatic approach, employs vector potential calculation and can be easily implemented for simple coils and sample geometries. The second method uses finite-difference time-domain algorithm and permits to simulate systems with various geometries, without approximations in sample and coil geometries. Comparison with experimental data, performed on three homebuilt surface coils each of them successively tuned at three different frequencies, demonstrated the differences in accuracy of the developed methods.
机译:磁共振实验中的信噪比估算需要了解样品诱导的电阻值,其中样品可以是蛋白质溶质,细胞悬浮液,植物,动物,人体的一部分或盐溶液模型。许多作者使用均匀无限长的圆柱体,球体或半空间作为样品几何形状的近似值来研究样品与线圈的相互作用。但是,在实际的磁共振实验中,相对于这些模型,样品的形状和尺寸都可能非常不同。本文介绍并比较了由作者开发的两种不同的方法,用于样本感应电阻估算,两种方法都可用于预测严格耦合到样本的射频线圈的性能,其中样本-线圈相互作用模型的知识允许估算不同的噪声贡献者。我们研究的主要目标是测试所提出的算法,并通过比较使用样本简化几何的简单案例的性能来发现它们的局限性。第一种方法基于静磁方法,采用矢量电势计算,可以轻松实现简单的线圈和样品几何形状。第二种方法使用时域有限差分算法,并允许模拟具有各种几何形状的系统,而无需近似采样和线圈几何形状。与实验数据进行比较,在三个自制的表面线圈上分别对三个不同的频率进行了调谐,这证明了所开发方法准确性的差异。

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