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The Potential of Descriptive Building Specifications as an Alternative to Detailed Normative Calculations

机译：描述性建筑规范可替代详细规范计算

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Energy performance calculations are stipulated by law in most European countries. Thereby, different calculation schemes have been developed in the past years in different countries. The physical processes in buildings were simplified in terms of normative calculation routines in most of these schemes. A major idea behind these simplifications was to enable different stakeholders (practitioners, engineers, and architects) to issue energy certificates without being simulation experts. Moreover, the simplifications needed to be described thoroughly in corresponding guidelines to ensure and facilitate the comparability of the energy performance of different buildings. However, neither of these objectives can be considered to be fully met. Regarding the former, the normative calculation procedures increased in complexity in the past years, so that the issuing of energy certificates requires not only the stakeholder’s expertise but also a comprehensive knowledge of the standards that form the calculation method. Regarding the latter, recent research efforts revealed that many guidelines do not fully cover every aspect of the calculation procedures and the assumptions regarding required input data. Thus, the comparability of energy certificates has to be strongly questioned, as a number of relevant calculation parameters are dependent on the interpretation of the corresponding issuer.Given this background, alternative approaches to building performance evaluation would be of interest. Previous approaches by different researchers suggested so called prescriptive indicators, which can be derived by basic building data (for instance, geometry and thermal quality of the building envelope components). This contribution is based on this concept. In the framework of a master thesis, a number of prescriptive indicators were considered. These indicators were derived for a set of sample buildings. In a parallel effort, energy certificates (encompassing Key Performance Indicators KPIs) were calculated for the sample buildings. It is clear that the prescriptive indicators cannot act as a 1:1 replacement for KPIs in terms of a numeric value. However, their usefulness can be expressed by the relation of the prescriptive indicator and the corresponding KPIs of a building. Thus, the results of the described calculation efforts were ranked. Subsequently, the lists of buildings ranked by the different indicators were compared in order to identify prescriptive indicators, which result in the same or at least similar ranking as the normative key performance indicators. Within this contribution, the suggested prescriptive indicators, the sample buildings, and the results of the analysis are presented and discussed.
机译：大多数欧洲国家/地区都按法律规定计算能源绩效。因此，在过去的几年中，在不同的国家开发了不同的计算方案。在大多数方案中，通过规范计算程序简化了建筑物的物理过程。这些简化背后的一个主要思想是使不同的利益相关者（从业者，工程​​师和建筑师）无需仿真专家即可签发能源证书。此外，需要在相应的指南中对简化进行全面描述，以确保并促进不同建筑物的能源性能可比性。但是，这两个目标均不能视为已完全实现。关于前者，规范计算程序在过去几年中变得越来越复杂，因此颁发能源证书不仅需要利益相关者的专业知识，还需要对构成计算方法的标准有全面的了解。关于后者，最近的研究工作表明，许多准则并未完全涵盖计算过程的每个方面以及有关所需输入数据的假设。因此，由于许多相关的计算参数取决于相应发行方的解释，因此必须强烈质疑能源证书的可比性。在此背景下，建筑物性能评估的替代方法将很受关注。不同研究人员的先前方法建议使用所谓的指示性指标，该指标可通过基本的建筑数据（例如，建筑围护结构的几何形状和热质量）得出。此贡献基于此概念。在硕士学位论文的框架内，考虑了许多规定性指标。这些指标是针对一组样本建筑物得出的。同时，为样本建筑物计算了能源证书（包括关键绩效指标KPI）。显然，就数字而言，说明性指标不能作为KPI的1：1替代。但是，它们的有用性可以通过指示性指标与建筑物的相应KPI的关系来表示。因此，对所描述的计算工作的结果进行排名。随后，比较了按不同指标排名的建筑物清单，以识别规定性指标，从而得出与规范性关键绩效指标相同或至少相似的排名。在此贡献中，提出并讨论了建议的指示性指标，样本建筑物以及分析结果。

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