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Tactical Scientific Decision-Making during Crewed Astrobiology Mars Missions

机译：乘员天体生物学火星任务中的战术科学决策

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摘要

The limitations placed upon human explorers on the surface of Mars will necessitate a methodology for scientific exploration that is different from standard approaches to terrestrial fieldwork and prior crewed exploration of the Moon. In particular, the data transmission limitations and communication latency between Earth and Mars create a unique situation for surface crew in contact with a terrestrial science team. The BASALT research program simulated a series of extravehicular activities (EVAs) in Mars analog terrains under various Mars-relevant bandwidth and latency conditions to investigate how best to approach this problem. Here we discuss tactical decision-making under these conditions, that is, how the crew on Mars interacts with a team of scientists and support personnel on Earth to collect samples of maximum scientific interest. We describe the strategies, protocols, and tools tested in BASALT EVAs and give recommendations on how best to conduct human exploration of Mars with support from Earth-based scientists. We find that even with scientists supporting them, the crew performing the exploration must be trained in the appropriate scientific disciplines in order to provide the terrestrial scientists with enough information to make decisions, but that with appropriate planning and structure, and tools such as a “dynamic leaderboard,” terrestrial scientists can add scientific value to an EVA, even under Mars communication latency.
机译：火星表面人类探索者所受到的限制将需要一种科学探索方法，该方法不同于地面野外作业和事先进行的月球乘员探索的标准方法。特别是，地球与火星之间的数据传输限制和通信延迟为地面人员与地面科学团队联系创造了独特的情况。 BASALT研究计划在各种与火星有关的带宽和等待时间条件下，模拟了火星模拟地形中的一系列舱外活动（EVA），以研究如何最好地解决这一问题。在这里，我们讨论在这些条件下的战术决策，即火星上的乘员如何与地球上的科学家和支持人员小组互动以收集具有最大科学价值的样本。我们描述了在玄武岩EVA中测试的策略，协议和工具，并就如何最好地在地球科学家的支持下进行人类对火星的探索提出了建议。我们发现，即使有科学家的支持，进行勘探的工作人员也必须接受适当科学学科的培训，以便为地面科学家提供足够的信息来做出决定，但要有适当的计划和结构以及诸如“动态排行榜”，即使在火星通讯延迟的情况下，地面科学家也可以为EVA增加科学价值。

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  • 来源
    《Astrobiology》 |2019年第3期|369-386|共18页
  • 作者

    A.H. Stevens; S.E. Kobs Nawotniak; W.B. Garry; S.J. Payler; A.L. Brady; M.J. Miller; K.H. Beaton; C.S. Cockell; D.S.S. Lim;

  • 作者单位

    UK Centre for Astrobiology, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh;

    Department of Geosciences, Idaho State University;

    NASA Goddard Space Flight Center;

    UK Centre for Astrobiology, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh;

    School of Geography and Earth Sciences, McMaster University;

    Georgia Institute of Technology College of Engineering;

    NASA Johnson Space Center;

    UK Centre for Astrobiology, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh;

    NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Decision-making; Mars; Science operations; EVA; Tactical;

    机译：决策;火星;科学运作;EVA;战术;

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