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Transport to ground of emissions in aircraft wakes. Part 1: Processes

机译：飞机尾气排放物的地面运输。第1部分：流程

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An aircraft exerts a downward force on the air, so aircraft exhausts tend to descend toward the ground within the aircraft's wake. The wake of an aeroplane descends in an essentially inviscid and thus long-lived manner, through the action of a pair of trailing counterrotating vortices on one another. The vortices derive from the circulation about the wings yielding the lift. Exhaust pollutants may thus be conveyed to the ground close to airports, far more effectively than through ambient atmospheric dispersion alone, as has hitherto been assumed occurs within air-quality models. The presence of the vortices in the vicinity of airports is well-established, as it is the need to wait for their decay or movement out of the flight corridor-for the safety of the following aircraft-that caps departure and arrival rates at busy periods. The dynamics of the transport are elucidated, so that the impact of the transport on pollutant concentrations at ground level in an airport environs may be established. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：飞机在空中施加向下的力，因此飞机尾气会在飞机尾流内向地面下降。通过一对尾随的反向旋转涡流的作用，飞机的尾波以一种基本无粘且因此长寿的方式下降。旋涡来自机翼周围的循环，产生升力。迄今为止，废气污染物可能被输送到机场附近的地面，这比仅通过环境大气扩散要有效得多，因为迄今已假定在空气质量模型中会发生这种情况。旋涡在机场附近的存在已得到充分证实，因为有必要等待其衰减或从飞行走廊中移出（为了确保随后的飞机安全），从而限制繁忙时段的起降率。阐明了运输的动力学，因此可以确定运输对机场周围地面污染物浓度的影响。 （c）2006 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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