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首页> 外文期刊>Behavioral Ecology >Vigilance and predator detection vary between avian species with different visual acuity and coverage
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Vigilance and predator detection vary between avian species with different visual acuity and coverage

机译：视力和覆盖范围不同的鸟类之间的警惕性和捕食者检测也有所不同

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摘要

Interspecific variations in avian visual systems have been suggested to influence antipredator strategies, yet little empirical evidence exists on how morphological and ecological factors associated with visual properties can constraint predator detection. We investigated antipredator responses (predator detection probabilities and vigilance behavior) in 2 species with different visual properties (European starlings, Sturus vulgaris, have higher acuity and wider blind areas at the rear of their heads than house sparrows, Passer domesticus) in relation to distance to the predator, body posture, and head orientation. Visual acuity may affect the distance at which a predator is detected; while the size of the blind area may influence the body postures and head orientation with the highest predator detection probabilities. Distance to the decreased predator detection probabilities of house sparrows (lower acuity) but not those of European starlings. Certain body postures and head orientations, influenced both species despite the interspecific differences in visual field configuration. Times allocated to scanning were similar, but European starlings had longer head-up scan bouts likely to enhance scanning coverage, whereas house sparrows had higher head-up scan rates probably to reduce the length of interscan intervals. We discuss alternative interpretations; however, our findings suggest that sensory configurations may limit the effectiveness of some antipredator strategies under certain ecological conditions, which has implications for understanding the evolution of different behavioral mechanisms that reduce predation risk.
机译：鸟类视觉系统中的种间变异已被建议影响反掠食者的策略，但是关于与视觉特性相关的形态和生态因素如何限制掠食者检测的经验证据很少。我们调查了两种视觉特性不同的物种（欧洲star鸟，寻常的Sturus寻常型，比房雀，Passer domesticus具有更高的敏锐度和头部后方的盲区）的反掠食者反应（掠食者检测概率和警惕行为）掠食者，身体姿势和头部朝向。视敏度可能会影响检测到掠食者的距离；而盲区的大小可能会以掠食者检测概率最高来影响身体姿势和头部朝向。到麻雀（降低敏锐度）的捕食者检测概率降低的距离，而不是欧洲star鸟的概率。尽管视野配置之间存在种间差异，但某些身体姿势和头部朝向还是影响了这两个物种。分配给扫描的时间相似，但是欧洲star鸟的平头扫描时间较长，可能会增强扫描范围，而麻雀的平头扫描率较高，可能会缩短间隔扫描的时间。我们讨论其他解释；然而，我们的发现表明，在某些生态条件下，感觉配置可能会限制某些反捕食者策略的有效性，这对于理解降低捕食风险的不同行为机制的演变具有启示意义。

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  • 来源
    《Behavioral Ecology》 |2009年第5期|p.936-945|共10页
  • 作者

    Vanessa Tisdalea and Esteban Fernández-Juricicb;

  • 作者单位

    aDepartment of Biological Sciences, California State University Long Beach, Peterson Hall 1-109, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach CA 90840, USA bDepartment of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette IN 47907, USA;

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