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首页> 外文期刊>Bioenergy research >Characteristic Studies on the Pyrolysis Products from Hydrolyzed Canadian Lignocellulosic Feedstocks
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Characteristic Studies on the Pyrolysis Products from Hydrolyzed Canadian Lignocellulosic Feedstocks

机译：水解加拿大木质纤维素原料热解产物的特性研究

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摘要

Lignocellulosic feedstocks are utilized for the production of fuel ethanol and butanol through dilute acid/enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. Hydrolysis residue, a major by-product of biomass hydrolysis, is rich in recalcitrant carbon as majority of cellulosic and hemicellulosic components are released during pretreatment. With the intention of their effective utilization, hydrolysis residues from forestry (pinewood), energy crop system (timothy grass), and agriculture (wheat straw) were pyrolysed in a fixed-bed reactor at 600 °C with slow heating rate of 5 °C/min for 4 h. In order to understand the product (biochar, bio-oil, and gases) properties and advocate their energy and environmental values, chemical characterizations such as carbon–hydrogen–nitrogen–sulfur analysis, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, pH, electrical conductivity, scanning electron microscopy, porosity analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were employed. The yield of biochar, bio-oil and gases was 38.9–41.7, 18.6–22.3, and 24.9–28.8 wt%, respectively. The high pH and electrical conductivity of biochars with substantial amounts of Na, Mg, K, and Ca indicated their alkaline and saline nature, which would necessitate proper agronomical soil applications. Variable intensities of C–C, C–H, C–O, O–H, and C–N functional groups were detected in the FTIR spectra of residues, biochars, and bio-oils. Raman spectroscopy showed the development of graphite (1,580–1,610 cm−1) and defect (1,325–1,380 cm−1) carbon structures in biochars. 1H NMR of bio-oils indicated aromatics, olefinics, and aliphatics, whereas 13C NMR indicated carbonyls, aromatics, carbohydrates, alkyls, methoxy, and hydroxy carbon. GC studies of pyrolysis gases identified chiefly H2 and CO with traces of CH4, CO2, and C2+ components.
机译：木质纤维素原料用于通过稀酸/酶水解和发酵生产燃料乙醇和丁醇。水解残留物是生物质水解的主要副产品，富含难降解碳，因为在预处理过程中会释放出大部分纤维素和半纤维素成分。为了有效利用它们，将林业（松木），能源作物系统（提摩太草）和农业（小麦秸秆）的水解残留物在固定床反应器中于600°C以5°C的慢升温速率热解/分钟，持续4小时。为了了解产品（生物炭，生物油和气体）的特性并倡导其能源和环境价值，化学表征包括碳-氢-氮-硫分析，电感耦合等离子体质谱，pH，电导率，使用了扫描电子显微镜，孔隙率分析，热重分析，X射线衍射，傅立叶变换红外（FTIR）和拉曼光谱，核磁共振（NMR）和气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）。生物炭，生物油和气体的产率分别为38.9–41.7、18.6–22.3和24.9–28.8 wt％。含有大量Na，Mg，K和Ca的生物炭具有很高的pH值和电导率，这表明它们具有碱性和盐碱性质，因此有必要在农业土壤中进行适当的施用。在残留物，生物炭和生物油的FTIR光谱中检测到C，C，H，C，O，OH和CN官能团的强度变化。拉曼光谱显示生物炭中石墨的发展（1,580-1,610 cm-1）和缺陷（1,325-1,380 cm-1）碳结构。生物油的1 H NMR表示芳族化合物，烯烃和脂肪族化合物，而13 C NMR表示羰基化合物，芳族化合物，碳水化合物，烷基，甲氧基和羟基碳。热解气体的GC研究主要鉴定出H2和CO以及痕量CH4，CO2和C2 +组分。

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