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Meadow Birds under Waning Traditional Pasture Animal Husbandry

机译：在繁殖牧场畜牧业的草甸鸟

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摘要

As a result of long-term studies in the areas of abandoned meadows and grasslands in Arkhangelsk, Novgorod, Ivanovo, and Moscow regions, we found the main peculiarities of bird population trends in the process of demutational succession: from scattered weed associations to domination of scrub and woods. The main changes in bird communities and numbers of passerines, waders and Corncrake Crex crex, and their likely reasons for various stages of plant succession are discussed. It is established that the most negative trends in ground-nesting bird species for which short-grass habitats are optimum are supported owing to cattle grazing and haymaking: northern lapwing (Vanellus vanellus), black-tailed godwit (Limosa limosa), redshank (Tringa totanus), skylark (Alauda arvensis), and yellow wagtail (Motacilla flava). The variously directed population trends of two Motacillidae species are shown: an increase in numbers and range expansion of the citrine wagtail (Motacilla citreola), which prefers abandoned swampy meadows, and a decrease in numbers of the meadow pipit (Anthus pratensis), which prefers low vegetation in used grasslands. The factors delaying demutational succession and hampering the decline in numbers of some passerines and waders are revealed. The reasons for the likely continuation of reduction of hay meadows and pasture areas in the forest zone, which aggravate negative trends of the meadow bird numbers, are discussed.
机译：由于在Arkhangelsk，Novgorod，Ivanovo和莫斯科地区的废弃草甸和草原领域的长期研究，我们发现了恶劣的继承过程中鸟类人口趋势的主要特点：从分散的杂草协会到统治磨砂和树林。探讨了鸟类社区和旁角数，伴游和康德克克雷克的主要变化以及植物继承各个阶段的可能原因。正建立，由于牛放牧和哈布师，支持缺陷鸟类的地下鸟类种类最佳的最负面趋势：北方兰布（Vanellus Vanellus），黑尾神道（Limosa Limosa），Redshank（Tringa totanus），skylark（Alauda arvensis）和黄色vgtail（motacilla flava）。显示了两种Motacillidae物种的各种植物趋势：柠檬酸盐（Motacilla Citreola）的数量和范围扩大的增加，剧烈的沼泽草地，以及更喜欢的草地潜水（沼泽普拉斯）的数量减少低植被在二手草原。揭示了延迟恶劣的继承和阻碍了一些旁角和趟水者的数量下降的因素。讨论了森林区中森林区干草草甸和牧场地区的可能继续延续的原因，这加剧了草地鸟类数的负趋势。

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