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首页> 外文期刊>Biodiversity and Conservation >Grassland butterfly fauna under traditional animal husbandry: contrasts in diversity in mown meadows and grazed pastures.
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Grassland butterfly fauna under traditional animal husbandry: contrasts in diversity in mown meadows and grazed pastures.

机译：传统畜牧业下的草原蝴蝶动物区系：割成的草地和草场的多样性形成对比。

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Semi-natural grasslands resulting from traditional land use practices (mowing and grazing) are severely endangered throughout Europe due to the intensification of agriculture. The ecological impact of mowing and grazing on grassland butterflies was studied in eight mown meadows and eight grazed pastures under traditional animal husbandry in NW Russia and adjacent Finland. Transect count data over 3 years (1997-1999) covered a total of 48 species and 5742 individuals. The butterfly fauna was rather similar under both management forms; species richness, diversity and total abundance did not differ significantly between meadows and pastures, yet meadows were preferred by more species. In both groups, the most abundant species were Aphantopus hyperantus, Pieris napi and Thymelicus lineola. Of 37 species observed as a minimum of five individuals, Polyommatus amandus, Ochlodes sylvanus and A. hyperantus showed a significant preference for mowing management. According to the ordination, butterfly communities were affected more by the origin and age of the grassland than the present management method. Landscape factors (meadow or pasture surrounded by forests or open environments), the abundance of nectar plants and the intensity of tilling were the most important factors differentiating older grasslands from the younger ones evolved from old Finnish hay fields cultivated prior to the 1940s..
机译：由于农业集约化，在整个欧洲，由于传统土地使用方式（割草和放牧）而产生的半天然草原受到严重威胁。在俄罗斯西北部和邻国芬兰的传统畜牧业下，在八个割草的草地和八个放牧的牧场上研究了割草和放牧对草原蝴蝶的生态影响。三年（1997-1999年）的样点计数数据涵盖了48种和5742个个体。两种管理形式下的蝴蝶区系都非常相似。草甸和牧场之间物种丰富度，多样性和总丰度没有显着差异，但是草甸被更多物种所偏爱。在这两组中，最丰富的物种是Aphantopus hyperantus，Pieris napi和Thymelicus lineola。在至少五个个体中观察到的37个物种中，Polyommatus amandus，Ochlodes sylvanus和A. hyperantus表现出对割草管理的明显偏爱。根据该命令，蝴蝶群落受到草原的起源和年龄的影响要大于目前的管理方法。景观因素（被森林或开放环境包围的草地或牧场），花蜜植物的丰富度和耕作强度是区分老草地与年轻草地的最重要因素，这些草地是从1940年代以前耕种的芬兰古老干草田演变而来的。

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