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Development of a model for calculating the solar ultraviolet protection factor of small to medium sized built shade structures

机译：开发用于计算中小型建筑遮阳结构的太阳紫外线防护系数的模型

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摘要

A method was proposed for calculating the ultraviolet protection factor (PF) of small to medium built shade structures. The method takes into account the amount of sky view visible from under the structure, the transmittance of the roof material, the relative amount of diffuse ultraviolet radiation (UV), the measurement position under the structure and the albedo of the relevant surfaces. The PF of four different shade structure designs was measured 90 cm above ground-level at the centre of the widest diameter of each structure. Measurements were only made on cloud-free days. Three structures had a thin metal roof and the fourth had shade-cloth. The proportion of sky view ranged from 4.6% to 15.4% for these structures. The influence of position was investigated for one structure, with the PF evaluated 50 cm in from each of the sides at 90 cm above ground-level. The reliability of the method was tested by comparing calculated and measured PF values for solar zenith angles ranging from 7 to 49. The mean absolute difference between the calculated and the measured PF for these small to medium structures was 1.4 PF (14%). The proposed method is more likely to be widely used to measure the PF in situ compared to measuring UV in full sun and in the shade with a UV meter because many stakeholders do not have access to UV meters due to the cost or the degree of specialization required to use these meters effectively.
机译：提出了一种计算中小型建筑遮阳结构紫外线防护因子的方法。该方法考虑了从结构下方可见的天空视野量，屋顶材料的透射率，漫紫外辐射（UV）的相对量，结构下方的测量位置以及相关表面的反射率。在每种结构的最宽直径中心处，距地面90 cm处测量了四种不同的遮阳结构设计的PF。仅在无云的日子进行测量。三个建筑物的金属屋顶很薄，第四个建筑物有遮阳布。这些结构的天空视野比例从4.6％到15.4％不等。对于一个结构，研究了位置的影响，在距地面90 cm处从两侧各50 cm处评估了PF。通过比较太阳天顶角的计算值和测量值PF值（从7到49）来测试该方法的可靠性。对于这些中小型结构，计算出的PF和测量的PF之间的平均绝对差为1.4 PF（14％）。与使用紫外线仪在阳光直射下和在阴凉处测量紫外线相比，该方法更可能被广泛用于现场PF测量，因为由于成本或专业化程度的原因，许多利益相关者无法使用紫外线仪需要有效使用这些仪表。

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