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Automobile proximity and indoor residential concentrations of BTEX and MTBE

机译：BTEX和MTBE在汽车附近和室内住宅中的浓度

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Attached garages have been identified as important sources of indoor residential air pollution. However, the literature lacks information on (1) how the proximity of cars to the living area affects indoor concentrations of gasoline-related compounds, such as benzene; and (2) the origin of these pollutants, i.e., vapor or tailpipe emissions. We analyzed data from the Relationships of Indoor, Outdoor, and Personal Air (RIOPA) study to evaluate indoor (C_(in)) and outdoor (C_(out)) concentrations for 114 residences with cars either in an attached garage, a detached garage or carport, or without cars. Results indicate that single-family detached homes with cars in attached garages were affected the most by parked vehicles, followed by homes with vehicles in carports. Concentrations in homes with cars in detached garages were similar to those in residences without cars. Low ventilation rates exacerbated C_(in) in homes with attached garages. In general, the contribution from gasoline-related sources to indoor benzene and MTBE concentrations appeared to have been dominated by car exhaust, or by a combination of tailpipe and gasoline vapor emissions. Residing in a home with an attached garage could lead to benzene exposures that are an order of magnitude higher than exposures from commuting in a car in heavy traffic, with a risk of 17 excess cancers in a population of a million. Strategies to lower exposure to gasoline-related contaminants in homes include improving construction practices to prevent the infiltration of pollutants into the living quarters or incorporating detached garages.
机译：附属的车库已被确定为室内居民空气污染的重要来源。但是，文献缺乏有关以下方面的信息：（1）汽车与起居区之间的距离如何影响与汽油有关的化合物（如苯）的室内浓度； （2）这些污染物的来源，即蒸气或尾气的排放。我们分析了室内，室外和个人空气之间的关系（RIOPA）研究中的数据，以评估114个住宅区的室内（C_（in））和室外（C_（out））浓度，这些住宅在附有车库，独立车库的汽车中或车棚，或没有汽车。结果表明，停放有汽车的单户独立屋受到的影响最大，其次是停放车辆的汽车。独立车库中有汽车的房屋中的浓度与没有汽车的住宅中的浓度相似。低通风率加剧了带有车库的房屋的C_（in）。通常，汽油相关来源对室内苯和MTBE浓度的贡献似乎主要由汽车尾气，或排气管和汽油蒸气排放的组合决定。居住在带有车库的房屋中，苯的暴露量可能比在交通繁忙的汽车上通勤所导致的苯暴露量高一个数量级，在一百万人口中有17种过量癌症的风险。降低房屋中汽油相关污染物暴露的策略包括改善建筑实践，以防止污染物渗入居住区或建立独立的车库。

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