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首页> 外文期刊>Chelonian conservation and biology >Effects of Incubation Temperature on Sex Determination in the Endangered Magdalena River Turtle, Podocnemis lewyana
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Effects of Incubation Temperature on Sex Determination in the Endangered Magdalena River Turtle, Podocnemis lewyana

机译：孵化温度对濒危的马格达莱纳河龟（Podocnemis lewyana）性别决定的影响

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摘要

In species with temperature-dependent sex determination, the embryo commits to its sexual fate during a time window called the thermosensitive period (TSP). Although substantial research has focused on the effect of the temperature during this canonical TSP, the effect of temperatures experienced before this time (pre-TSP) on the onset and duration of the TSP is less understood. Here, we incubated eggs of the endangered Magdalena River turtle, Podocnemis lewyana, under 3 relatively constant temperatures and 6 shift-twice treatments. Constant treatments included two 100% masculinizing temperatures that fostered a relatively slower and faster embryo development and one 100% feminizing temperature. The shift treatments included a masculinizing temperature and later a feminizing temperature for a period of time at different incubation stages. Sex ratios were determined by a geometric-morphometric sexing approach developed for this species and validated by gonadal histology. This technique is a nonlethal sexing alternative; thus, it contributes to the conservation of this endangered species. The sex ratios obtained under constant temperatures were more feminized than the sex ratio of another population native to a warmer climate. Shift-twice experiments revealed that pre-TSP temperatures affected the duration of the TSP and as such influenced sex determination. Specifically, at 29 degrees C pre-TSP, the TSP lasted 20 d (28% of the incubation period), whereas at 31 degrees C pre-TSP, the TSP was extended for 30 d (52% of the incubation period). An approximation of developmental stages based on the congeneric Podocnemis expansa is provided. Conservation programs should monitor temperatures throughout the entire incubation period; otherwise important effects on sex ratios and other traits may be obscured.
机译：在具有与性别相关的温度决定性的物种中，胚胎会在一个称为热敏期（TSP）的时间窗内履行其性命。尽管大量的研究集中在规范TSP期间的温度影响，但是，在此之前（TSP之前）经历的温度对TSP的发作和持续时间的影响尚不清楚。在这里，我们在3个相对恒定的温度和6次两次移位处理下，对濒临灭绝的马格达莱纳河海龟Podocnemis lewyana的卵进行了孵化。恒定的治疗包括两个100％的男性化温度和一个100％的女性化温度，这些温度促进了相对较快和较快的胚胎发育。转换处理包括在不同的孵化阶段进行一段时间的男性化温度和随后的女性化温度。通过为该物种开发的几何形态性别鉴定方法确定性别比，并通过性腺组织学对其进行验证。此技术是一种非致命的性爱替代方法。因此，它有助于保护这一濒危物种。在恒温条件下获得的性别比比其他原本气候温暖的人群的性别比更女性化。两次移位实验表明，TSP前的温度会影响TSP的持续时间，因此会影响性别确定。具体来说，在TSP之前29摄氏度，TSP持续20 d（潜伏期的28％），而在TSP之前31摄氏度，TSP延长了30 d（潜伏期的52％）。提供了基于同类Podocnemis expansa的发育阶段的近似值。保护计划应在整个孵化期间监测温度；否则可能会掩盖对性别比例和其他特征的重要影响。

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