首页> 外文期刊>纸パルプ技術タィムス >連 載認知・印刷・紙の諸科学からみた紙メディアの新たな可能性第7回心理学の“動機づけ理論”からみた読みにおけるメディア選択の条件
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連 載認知・印刷・紙の諸科学からみた紙メディアの新たな可能性第7回心理学の“動機づけ理論”からみた読みにおけるメディア選択の条件

机译:从认知,印刷和各种纸科学的角度看纸媒体的新可能性第七种从心理学的“动机理论”角度看阅读的媒体选择条件

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The seventh article of this series will focus on the motivation of human being in the selection of reading contents and reading media. The overall contents are described in the following sequence.rn(1) IntroductionrnThis article will go back to the fundamental issue of human behavior of reading, I.e., the motivation for reading using the motivation theory in psychology.rn(2) What are the driving and incentive forces for reading?rnStudying is the essential factor for human development and among others reading is the most significant behavior to come closer to self-actualization. The driving force arises internally and the incentive force comes from outside.rn(3) What is meant by motivation?rnThe human behavior is induced by needs stimulated by drive and incentive. After the lower level of needs is satisfied, the men will aim for the higher level of needs. The ultimate need is to attain self-actualization. This process is explained by Maslow's need-hierarchy theory. The concept of absence and growth needs, homeostasis, frustration, and conflict are explained as well.rn(4) Growth need and self-actualization as higher level of human needsrnThe fundamental and the lowest need is the physiological need and the highest need is the self-actualization. The motive is classified as intrinsic motive and extrinsic motive.rn(5) The motivation theories in psychologyrnThe theories explain the specific human behavior, I.e. personal difference, persistence, and deviation. The main categories of the motivation theories are: 1) instinct theory, 2) need-based theory, 3) cognitive theory, and 4) human-based theory.rn(6) Curiosity and motivationrnThe novelty induces curiosity and the curiosity is significant for human creativity. The epistemic curiosity is significant element in intrinsic motivation.rn(7) Motivation of human behavior of readingrnThe motivation leads to two processes, I.e. the selection of reading contents, and the selection of reading media. The physiologically comfortable feeling associated with the selected media is vitally important to store information deeply and stably in long-term memory of the cognitive structure of brain.rn(8) EpiloguernThe human behavior of reading is the fundamental element of the study and vitally important in human development to attain self-actualization. Although, these issues are significant to foresee the future of current electronic reading devices, the critical cognitive issues are totally missing in the recent controversy. Particularly, the recent controversy over the adoption of electronic media for school textbooks is the dictating issues for the future of education of our country.%1.はじめにrn 本シリーズでは紙メディアまたは電子rn的表示メディアから「読み」という行為rnを行う場合に関係する諸問題を,認知科rn学の理論を中心において論じてきた.でrnは読みという行為が生じる前に問題を遡rnり,人間を「読み」という行為に駆り立rnて,また読むためのメディアの選択を促rnす場合にどのような機構が働いているのrnだろうか.本稿では人間としての根源的rnな行為としての「学び」の中心にある「読rnみ」に人をつき動かす要因を探り,併せrnて人間によるメディア選択の要因を,心rn理学における動機づけ理論を中心に考えrnてみたい.
机译:本系列的第七篇文章将重点关注人类在阅读内容和阅读媒体的选择上的动机。总体内容按以下顺序描述。rn(1)简介本文将回到人类阅读行为的基本问题,即使用心理学中的动机理论进行阅读的动机。rn(2)推动力是什么学习是人类发展的基本因素,而阅读是最接近自我实现的最重要行为。驱动力是内部产生的,而激励力是来自外部的。(3)动机是什么?人类行为是由动力和激励所激发的需求所诱发的。在满足了较低的需求水平之后,男性将瞄准较高的需求水平。最终需要是实现自我实现。马斯洛的需求层次理论解释了这一过程。 (4)增长需求和自我实现随着人类需求的增加而增加。rn基本需求和最低需求是生理需求,而最高需求是生理需求。自我实现。动机分为内在动机和外在动机。(5)心理学中的动机理论理论解释了特定的人类行为,即人类行为。个人差异,毅力和偏差。动机理论的主要类别包括:1)本能理论,2)基于需求的理论,3)认知理论和4)基于人的理论。rn(6)好奇心和动机rn新颖性引起好奇心,而好奇心对于人类的创造力。认知的好奇心是内在动机的重要因素。(7)人类阅读行为的动机动机导致两个过程,即:阅读内容的选择以及阅读媒体的选择。与所选媒介相关的生理舒适感对于在大脑的认知结构的长期记忆中深刻而稳定地存储信息至关重要。rn(8)结语人类的阅读行为是研究的基本要素,在阅读中至关重要。人类发展以实现自我实现。尽管这些问题对于预见当前电子阅读设备的未来意义重大,但是在最近的争议中,关键的认知问题完全没有了。特别是,最近关于在学校教科书中采用电子媒体的争论是对我国教育未来的决定性问题。%1。はじめにrnで行う场合に关系する诸问题を,认知科恩学の理论を中心において论じてきた。でrnは読みという行为が生じる前に问题を遡rnり,人间を「読み」という行为に駆り立rn本稿て人间としての根源的rnす行为としての「学び」の中心にある「読rnみ」に人をつき动かす要因を探り,并せrnて人间によるメディア选択の要因を,心rn理学における动机づけ理论を中心に考えrnてみたい。

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