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Response Styles to Positive Affect and Depression: Concurrent and Prospective Associations in a Community Sample

机译：积极情绪和抑郁的应对方式：社区样本中的并发和预期关联

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We examined the concurrent and prospective relations between response styles to positive affect and depression in a community sample. Participants (n=345) completed self-report measures of current and past depressive episodes, depressive symptoms, anhedonia, and responses to positive affect (including dampening and positive rumination) at two time points, with a 5-month interval. Higher levels of dampening responses to positive affect were related to higher concurrent levels of depressive symptoms. The tendency to positively ruminate on positive affect was negatively related to concurrent anhedonic symptoms. When controlling for current depressive symptomatology, formerly depressed individuals had a higher tendency to dampen positive affect than never-depressed controls, and did not differ from a currently depressed group. Dampening responses did not predict depressive symptoms prospectively, but lower levels of (self-focused) positive rumination did predict higher levels of future anhedonic symptoms. Results indicate that not only currently but also formerly depressed individuals engage in dysfunctional (dampening) strategies in response to positive affect. It is possible that currently as well as formerly depressed individuals might benefit from interventions that are directed at the remediation of disturbed regulation of positive affect. However, our prospective results make clear that more research is needed to examine the precise conditions under which dampening would be a detrimental (and positive rumination a beneficial) response style in the course of depression.
机译：我们研究了社区样本中对积极情绪和抑郁的反应方式之间的并存和预期关系。参与者（n = 345）在两个时间点（每5个月一次）完成了对当前和过去的抑郁发作，抑郁症状，快感不足以及对积极影响（包括抑制和积极反省）的反应的自我报告。对积极影响的抑制反应水平越高，与抑郁症状的并发水平越高有关。在积极影响上反省的趋势与并发性快感症状负相关。当控制当前的抑郁症状时，以前处于抑郁状态的人比从未处于抑郁状态的对照组具有更高的抑制正面影响的趋势，并且与当前处于抑郁状态的组没有区别。减缓反应不能预期地预测抑郁症状，但是较低水平的（自我聚焦）阳性反刍确实可以预测较高水平的未来性快感症状。结果表明，不仅当前而且以前抑郁的人都在响应积极影响而参与功能失调（阻尼）策略。当前以及以前处于抑郁状态的个体可能会受益于针对积极影响的调节受到干扰的干预措施。但是，我们的前瞻性结果表明，需要进行更多的研究来研究在抑郁症中阻尼将是有害的（积极思考是有益的）响应方式的确切条件。

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