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A Modeling Framework for Supply Chain Simulation: Opportunities for Improved Decision Making

机译：供应链仿真的建模框架：改进决策的机会

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Owing to its inherent modeling flexibility, simulation is often regarded as the proper means for supporting decision making on supply chain design. The ultimate success of supply chain simulation, however, is determined by a combination of the analyst's skills, the chain members' involvement, and the modeling capabilities of the simulation tool. This combination should provide the basis for a realistic simulation model, which is both transparent and complete. The need for transparency is especially strong for supply chains as they involve (semi)autonomous parties each having their own objectives. Mutual trust and model effectiveness are strongly influenced by the degree of completeness of each party's insight into the key decision variables. Ideally, visual interactive simulation models present an important communicative means for realizing the required overview and insight. Unfortunately, most models strongly focus on physical transactions, leaving key decision variables implicit for some or all of the parties involved. This especially applies to control structures, that is, the managers or systems responsible for control, their activities and their mutual attuning of these activities. Control elements are, for example, dispersed over the model, are not visualized, or form part of the time-indexed scheduling of events. In this article, we propose an alternative approach that explicitly addresses the modeling of control structures. First, we will conduct a literature survey with the aim of listing simulation model qualities essential for supporting successful decision making on supply chain design. Next, we use this insight to define an object-oriented modeling framework that facilitates supply chain simulation in a more realistic manner. This framework is meant to contribute to improved decision making in terms of recognizing and understanding opportunities for improved supply chain design. Finally, the use of the framework is illustrated by a case example concerning a supply chain for chilled salads.
机译：由于其固有的建模灵活性，模拟通常被视为支持供应链设计决策的适当手段。但是，供应链模拟的最终成功取决于分析师的技能，链成员的参与以及模拟工具的建模能力。这种组合应该为透明和完整的逼真的仿真模型提供基础。供应链对透明度的需求尤其强烈，因为它们涉及各自具有自己目标的（半）自治方。各方对关键决策变量的见解的完整性程度会严重影响相互信任和模型有效性。理想情况下，可视化交互式仿真模型提供了一种重要的交流手段，可用于实现所需的概述和见解。不幸的是，大多数模型都将重点放在实物交易上，而对某些或所有相关方却隐含关键决策变量。这尤其适用于控制结构，即负责控制，其活动及其对这些活动的相互协调的管理者或系统。例如，控制元素分散在模型上，不可视化或形成事件的时间索引计划的一部分。在本文中，我们提出了一种替代方法，可以明确解决控制结构的建模问题。首先，我们将进行文献调查，以列出对支持成功的供应链设计决策至关重要的仿真模型质量。接下来，我们将利用这种见解来定义一个面向对象的建模框架，该框架将以更现实的方式促进供应链仿真。该框架旨在通过识别和理解改进供应链设计的机会来帮助改进决策。最后，通过有关冷藏沙拉供应链的案例来说明该框架的使用。

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