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The Impact of E-Replenishment Strategy on Make-to-Order Supply Chain Performance

机译：电子补货策略对按订单生产的供应链绩效的影响

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This research investigates the impact of electronic replenishment strategy on the operational activities and performance of a two-stage make-to-order supply chain. We develop simulation-based rolling schedule procedures that link the replenishment processes of the channel members and apply them in an experimental analysis to study manual, semi-automated, and fully automated e-replenishment strategies in decentralized and coordinated decision-making supply chain structures. The average operational cost reductions for moving from a manual-based system to a fully automated system are 19.6, 29.5, and 12.5%, respectively, for traditional decentralized, decentralized with information sharing, and coordinated supply chain structures. The savings are neither equally distributed among participants, nor consistent across supply chain structures. As expected, for the fully coordinated system, total costs monotonically decrease with higher levels of automation. However, for the two decentralized structures, under which most firms operate today, counter-intuitive findings reveal that the unilateral application of e-procurement technology by the buyer may lower his purchasing costs, but increase the seller's and system's costs. The exact nature of the relationship is determined by the channel's operational flexibility. Broader results indicate that while the potential economic benefit of e-replenishment in a decentralized system is substantial, greater operational improvements maybe possible through supply chain coordination.
机译：这项研究调查了电子补给策略对两阶段按订单生产供应链的运营活动和绩效的影响。我们开发基于仿真的滚动计划程序，这些程序将渠道成员的补货过程链接在一起，并在实验分析中应用它们，以研究分散，协调的决策供应链结构中的手动，半自动化和全自动电子补给策略。从传统的去中心化，去中心化的信息共享和协调的供应链结构，从手动系统转变为全自动系统的平均运营成本分别降低了19.6％，29.5％和12.5％。节省的费用既没有在参与者之间平均分配，也没有在整个供应链结构中保持一致。正如预期的那样，对于完全协调的系统，总成本随着自动化水平的提高而单调降低。但是，对于今天大多数公司都在运作的两个分散结构而言，违反直觉的发现表明，买方单方面应用电子采购技术可能会降低其采购成本，但会增加卖方和系统的成本。关系的确切性质取决于渠道的运营灵活性。更广泛的结果表明，尽管去中心化系统中电子补给的潜在经济利益是巨大的，但通过供应链的协调，可能会有更大的运营改善。

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