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Actions and processes that patients, family members, and physicians associate with patient- and family-centered care

机译：患者，家庭成员和医生与以患者和家庭为中心的护理相关的行动和过程

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Patient- and family-centered care (PFCC) is increasingly linked to improved communication, care quality, and patient decision making. However, in order to consistently implement and study PFCC, health care systems and researchers need a solid evidentiary base. Most current definitions and models of PFCC are broad and conceptual, and difficult to translate into measurable behaviors and actions. This paper provides a brief overview of all actions that focus group respondents associated with PFCC in ambulatory (outpatient) care settings and then explores actions associated with the concept of “dignity and respect” in greater detail. We conducted nine focus groups with patients, family members, and physicians in three metropolitan regions across the United States. Group discussions were transcribed and analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. We identified 14 domains and 47 specific actions that patients, family members, and physicians associate with PFCC. In addition to providing a detailed matrix of these domains and actions, this paper details the actions associated with the “dignity and respect” concept. Key domains identified under “dignity and respect” include: 1) building relationships, 2) providing individualized care, and 3) respecting patients’ time. Within these domains we identified specific actions that break down these abstract ideas into explicit and measurable units such as taking time, listening, including family, and minimizing wait times. We identified 9, 6, and 3 specific actions associated, respectively, with building relationships, providing individualized care, and respecting patients’ time. Our work fills a critical gap in our ability to understand and measure PFCC in ambulatory care settings by breaking down abstract concepts about PFCC into specific measurable actions. Our findings can be used to support research on how PFCC affects clinical outcomes and develop innovative tools and policies to support PFCC.
机译：以患者和家庭为中心的护理（PFCC）与改善沟通，护理质量和患者决策的联系越来越紧密。但是，为了始终如一地实施和研究PFCC，医疗保健系统和研究人员需要扎实的证据基础。当前，PFCC的大多数定义和模型都是广义的和概念性的，很难转化为可衡量的行为和行动。本文简要概述了将行动重点放在与门诊（门诊）设施中的PFCC相关的受访者中的所有操作，然后更详细地探讨了与“尊严和尊重”概念相关的操作。我们在美国三个大都市地区与患者，家庭成员和医生进行了9个焦点小组讨论。使用主题分析方法记录和分析小组讨论。我们确定了患者，家庭成员和医生与PFCC相关的14个领域和47种具体行动。除了提供这些领域和行动的详细矩阵之外，本文还详细介绍了与“尊严和尊重”概念相关的行动。在“尊严与尊重”下确定的关键领域包括：1）建立关系，2）提供个性化护理，以及3）尊重患者的时间。在这些领域中，我们确定了将这些抽象概念分解为明确且可衡量的单元的特定操作，例如抽出时间，聆听（包括家人）并最大程度地减少了等待时间。我们分别确定了与建立关系，提供个性化护理并尊重患者时间有关的9、6和3种具体行动。我们的工作通过将关于PFCC的抽象概念分解为具体的可衡量的行动，填补了我们在门诊护理环境中理解和测量PFCC的能力的关键缺口。我们的发现可用于支持有关PFCC如何影响临床结果的研究，并开发创新的工具和政策来支持PFCC。

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