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首页> 外文期刊>BMC Medical Education >Few gender differences in specialty preferences and motivational factors: a cross-sectional Swedish study on last-year medical students
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Few gender differences in specialty preferences and motivational factors: a cross-sectional Swedish study on last-year medical students

机译：专业偏好和动机因素上的性别差异很少：瑞典对去年医学生的横断面研究

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Background Today, women constitute about half of medical students in several Western societies, yet women physicians are still underrepresented in surgical specialties and clustered in other branches of medicine. Gender segregation in specialty preference has been found already in medical school. It is important to study the career preferences of our future physicians, as they will influence the maintenance of an adequate supply of physicians in all specialties and the future provision of health care. American and British studies dominate the area of gender and medical careers whereas Swedish studies on medical students’ reasons for specialty preference are scarce. The aim of this study is to investigate and compare Swedish male and female medical students’ specialty preferences and the motives behind them. Methods Between 2006 and 2009, all last-year medical students at Umea University, Sweden (N?=?421), were invited to answer a questionnaire about their future career and family plans. They were asked about their specialty preference and how they rated the impact that the motivational factors had for their choice. The response rate was 89% (N?=?372); 58% were women (N?=?215) and 42% were men (N?=?157). Logistic regression was used to evaluate the independent impact of each motivational factor for specialty preference. Results On the whole, male and female last-year students opted for similar specialties. Men and women had an almost identical ranking order of the motivational factors. When analyzed separately, male and female students showed both similarities and differences in the motivational factors that were associated with their specialty preference. A majority of the women and a good third of the men intended to work part-time. The motivational factor combining work with family correlated with number of working hours for women, but not for men. Conclusions The gender similarities in the medical students’ specialty preferences are striking and contrast with research from other Western countries where male and female students show more differences in career aspirations. These similarities should be seized by the health care system in order to counteract the horizontal gender segregation in the physician workforce of today.
机译：背景技术如今，在几个西方社会中，女性约占医学生的一半，但是女性医师在外科专业中的代表人数仍然不足，而在其他医学领域也很集中。在医学院中已经发现性别偏向于专业偏好。研究我们未来的医生的职业偏好很重要，因为它们会影响所有专业医生的充足供应以及未来医疗保健的维持。美国和英国的研究在性别和医学职业领域占据主导地位，而瑞典对医学生的专业偏爱原因的研究却很少。这项研究的目的是调查和比较瑞典男女医学生的专业偏好及其背后的动机。方法2006年至2009年，邀请瑞典于默奥大学（N？=？421）的所有最后一年的医学生回答有关他们未来职业和家庭计划的问卷。他们被问及他们的专业偏好，以及他们如何评价动机因素对他们选择的影响。回应率为89％（N？=？372）;女性占58％（N？=？215），男性占42％（N？=？157）。 Logistic回归用于评估每个动机因素对专业偏好的独立影响。结果总体上，男女应届生选择了类似的专业。男性和女性的动机因素排名顺序几乎相同。分别进行分析时，男女学生在与他们的专业偏好相关的动机因素上既表现出相似性，也表现出差异。大多数女性和三分之一的男性打算从事非全日制工作。将工作与家庭结合起来的动机因素与女性而非男性的工作时间相关。结论医学生的专业偏好中的性别相似性是惊人的，并且与其他西方国家的研究结果形成鲜明对比，在西方国家，男女生的职业志向差异更大。卫生保健系统应抓住这些相似之处，以抵消当今医师队伍中的横向性别隔离。

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