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首页> 外文期刊>Bonn zoological Bulletin >Species richness of termites (Blattoidea: Termitoidae) and ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) along disturbance gradients in semi-arid Burkina Faso (West Africa)
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Species richness of termites (Blattoidea: Termitoidae) and ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) along disturbance gradients in semi-arid Burkina Faso (West Africa)

机译：在半干旱布基纳法索（西非）沿干扰梯度的白蚁（Blattoidea：Termitoidae）和蚂蚁（膜翅目：Formicidae）的物种丰富度

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摘要

From 2004 to 2008, we conducted the first inventory of termites (Blattoidea: Termitoidae) and ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Burkina Faso (West Africa) where these important ecosystem engineers are the only active, quantitatively remarkable soil macrofauna during a long dry season. We combined two standard assessment protocols for tropical forests and adapted them to semi-arid (agro)ecosystems to representatively characterize termite and ant communities in two agricultural systems, and assess their response to land-use intensification. In total, 65 ant species and 41 termite species were collected along parallel transects replicated during consecutive years. Both taxa were highly sensitive to human impact. Their taxonomic and functional richness strongly decreased with increasing intensification from a near-natural savannah towards cotton fields with recent pesticide application (North Sudan region), and recovered along a succession of the traditional rehabilitation technique Za? from barren, crusted land towards a long-term fallow with diverse flora and fauna (sub-Sahel region). Fungus-growers dominated the termite communities in all habitats, with the highest variations between habitats noted among soil- and grass-feeders.
机译：从2004年到2008年，我们在布基纳法索（西非）进行了第一批白蚁（Blattoidea：Termitoidae）和蚂蚁（Hymenoptera：Formicidae）的调查，这些重要的生态系统工程师是干旱漫长季节中唯一活跃的，数量上显着的土壤大型动物。我们结合了两种针对热带森林的标准评估方案，并将其应用于半干旱（农业）生态系统，以代表性地表征两种农业系统中的白蚁和蚂蚁群落，并评估其对土地利用集约化的响应。沿连续几年复制的平行样带总共收集了65种蚂蚁和41种白蚁。两种分类单元对人类的影响高度敏感。随着从近乎自然的稀树草原向棉花田的集约化（最近在苏丹北部使用农药），它们的分类学和功能丰富性大大降低，并随着一系列传统的修复技术Za？从贫瘠，结ted的土地到拥有多种动植物的长期休养地（萨赫勒地区）。真菌种植者在所有生境中均以白蚁群落为主导，在土壤和草食者之间，生境之间的差异最大。

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