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首页> 外文期刊>BMC Microbiology >Common and contrasting themes in host cell-targeted effectors from bacterial, fungal, oomycete and nematode plant symbionts described using the Gene Ontology
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Common and contrasting themes in host cell-targeted effectors from bacterial, fungal, oomycete and nematode plant symbionts described using the Gene Ontology

机译：使用基因本体论描述了细菌，真菌，卵菌和线虫植物共生体在宿主细胞靶向效应子中的常见主题和对比主题。

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摘要

A wide diversity of plant-associated symbionts, including microbes, produce proteins that can enter host cells, or are injected into host cells in order to modify the physiology of the host to promote colonization. These molecules, termed effectors, commonly target the host defense signaling pathways in order to suppress the defense response. Others target the gene expression machinery or trigger specific modifications to host morphology or physiology that promote the nutrition and proliferation of the symbiont. When recognized by the host's surveillance machinery, which includes cognate resistance (R) gene products, defense responses are engaged to restrict pathogen proliferation. Effectors from diverse symbionts may be delivered into plant cells via varied mechanisms, including whole organism cellular entry (viruses, some bacteria and fungi), type III and IV secretion (in bacteria), physical injection (nematodes and insects) and protein translocation signal sequences (oomycetes and fungi). This mini-review will summarize both similarities and differences in effectors and effector delivery systems found in diverse plant-associated symbionts as well as how these are described with Plant-Associated Microbe Gene Ontology (PAMGO) terms.
机译：植物相关共生体（包括微生物）的多样性产生可以进入宿主细胞或注入宿主细胞的蛋白质，以改变宿主的生理状况以促进定植。这些被称为效应子的分子通常靶向宿主防御信号通路，以抑制防御反应。其他的则针对基因表达机制或触发特定的修饰，以促进宿主形态或生理，从而促进共生体的营养和增殖。当被主机的监视机制（包括同源抗性（R）基因产物）识别时，防御反应就会参与以限制病原体的增殖。来自各种共生体的效应子可以通过各种机制传递到植物细胞中，包括整个生物体细胞进入（病毒，某些细菌和真菌），III和IV型分泌（细菌中），物理注射（线虫和昆虫）和蛋白质易位信号序列（卵菌和真菌）。这份小型综述将总结在各种植物相关共生体中发现的效应子和效应子递送系统的异同，以及如何用植物相关微生物基因本体论（PAMGO）术语来描述它们。

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