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首页> 外文期刊>BMC Pediatrics >Feeding and smoking habits as cumulative risk factors for early childhood caries in toddlers, after adjustment for several behavioral determinants: a retrospective study
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Feeding and smoking habits as cumulative risk factors for early childhood caries in toddlers, after adjustment for several behavioral determinants: a retrospective study

机译：调整若干行为决定因素后，喂养和吸烟习惯是幼儿幼儿龋齿的累积危险因素：一项回顾性研究

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Background Several maternal health determinants during the first period of life of the child, as feeding practice, smoking habit and socio-economic level, are involved in early childhood health problems, as caries development. The potential associations among early childhood caries, feeding practices, maternal and environmental smoking exposure, Socio-Economic Status (SES) and several behavioral determinants were investigated. Methods Italian toddlers (n?=?2395) aged 24–30?months were recruited and information on feeding practices, sweet dietary habit, maternal smoking habit, SES, and fluoride supplementation in the first year of life was obtained throughout a questionnaire administered to mothers. Caries lesions in toddlers were identified in visual/tactile examinations and classified using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). Associations between toddlers’ caries data and mothers’ questionnaire data were assessed using chi-squared test. Ordinal logistic regression was used to analyze associations among caries severity level (ICDAS score), behavioral factors and SES (using mean housing price per square meter as a proxy). Results Caries prevalence and severity levels were significantly lower in toddlers who were exclusively breastfed and those who received mixed feeding with a moderate–high breast milk component, compared with toddlers who received low mixed feeding and those exclusively fed with formula (p? Conclusions Higher caries severity levels were observed in toddlers fed with infant formula and exposed to smoke during pregnancy living in area with a low mean housing price per square meter.
机译：背景技术在儿童生命的第一阶段，有几种产妇健康决定因素，例如进食习惯，吸烟习惯和社会经济水平，与儿童龋齿的发展有关，涉及儿童早期健康问题。调查了幼儿龋齿，进食习惯，孕产妇和环境吸烟暴露，社会经济状况（SES）和一些行为决定因素之间的潜在关联。方法招募年龄在24至30个月的意大利幼儿（n？=？2395），并通过问卷调查获得有关生活第一年的喂养习惯，甜食习惯，母亲吸烟习惯，SES和氟化物补充的信息。母亲。通过视觉/触觉检查识别幼儿的龋病，并使用国际龋齿检测和评估系统（ICDAS）对其进行分类。使用卡方检验评估了幼儿龋齿数据和母亲问卷数据之间的关联。使用序数逻辑回归分析龋齿严重程度（ICDAS评分），行为因素和SES（以每平方米平均房屋价格为代表）之间的关联。结果与纯母乳喂养的幼儿相比，纯母乳喂养的幼儿和纯中度高母乳喂养的幼儿的龋病患病率和严重程度明显低于纯混合喂养的幼儿（p？结论）在每平方米平均住房价格较低的地区，怀孕期间喂养婴儿配方食品并暴露在烟雾中的学步儿童的病情严重程度较高。

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