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Effect of moisture on physical and mechanical properties of cassia

机译：水分对决明子物理机械性能的影响

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Cassia is one of the widely used spices in the Food Industry due to its preserving and flavoring qualities. Physico-mechanical properties of spices are crucial in the machine designing and processing operations. In this study, physical properties and hardness of cassia bark were determined at five moisture levels, 6–14% dry basis (d.b.). The hardness test was performed along three orthogonal axes of the cassia bark using a texture analyzer. The size of the cassia viz., length (34.79?mm), width (13.79?mm), thickness (2.84?mm), geometric mean diameter (11.13?mm), and sphericity (0.32) were examined at 11.10% d.b. moisture level. Bulk density (238.66–255.86?kg?m~(?3)), true density (691.82–795.13?kg?m~(?3)), porosity (65.50–67.82%), angle of repose (39.42–42.78°), and static coefficients of friction of cassia bark increased linearly with an increase in moisture. Moreover, static coefficients of friction ranged from 0.59 to 0.67, 0.50 to 0.66, and 0.48 to 0.56 for mild steel, plywood and aluminium surface, respectively. The hardness showed a linear decrease along each orthogonal axis with the rise in moisture and ranged from 48 to 211?N. Hardness was highest for the minor axis followed by major and intermediate axis at all the moisture levels. The results were statistical significance at (P ?≤?0.05) 95% confidence interval.
机译：决明子由于其保存和调味品质而成为食品工业中广泛使用的香料之一。香料的物理机械性能在机器设计和加工操作中至关重要。在这项研究中，决明子皮的物理特性和硬度在5种水分含量，6％至14％干重的基础上确定（d.b.）。使用质地分析仪沿着肉桂皮的三个正交轴进行硬度测试。在11.10％d.b.下检查了决明子的大小，长（34.79mm），宽（13.79mm），厚（2.84mm），几何平均直径（11.13mm）和球形度（0.32）。水分含量。堆积密度（238.66–255.86？kg？m〜（？3）），真密度（691.82–795.13？kg？m〜（？3）），孔隙率（65.50–67.82％），休止角（39.42–42.78° ），决明子树皮的静态摩擦系数随湿度的增加而线性增加。此外，低碳钢，胶合板和铝表面的静摩擦系数分别为0.59至0.67、0.50至0.66和0.48至0.56。硬度随湿度的增加沿每个正交轴呈线性下降，范围为48至211？N。在所有水分含量下，短轴的硬度最高，其次是长轴和中轴。结果在（i P≤0.05）95％置信区间内具有统计学意义。

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