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首页> 外文期刊>Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology >Diagnosis of Norwalk Virus Infection by Indirect Enzyme Immunoassay Detection of Salivary Antibodies to Recombinant Norwalk Virus Antigen
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Diagnosis of Norwalk Virus Infection by Indirect Enzyme Immunoassay Detection of Salivary Antibodies to Recombinant Norwalk Virus Antigen

机译：间接酶免疫法检测重组诺沃克病毒抗原唾液抗体对诺沃克病毒感染的诊断

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Simple diagnostic tests are needed for the detection of norovirus (NoV) outbreaks. Salivary antibody assays provide an attractive alternative to collecting and testing serum or stool samples. Antibodies to Norwalk virus (NV) in oral fluid samples were compared with NV antibodies in serum collected from 38 volunteers challenged with NV inoculum. Pre- and postchallenge (day 4, 8, 14, and 21) saliva and serum samples were examined by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) using recombinant NV antigen. Of 18 infected subjects (those who shed NV in stool or who demonstrated immunoglobulin G [IgG] seroconversion), 15 (83%) had ≥4-fold increases in NV-specific salivary IgA and 15 (83%) had ≥4-fold increases in NV-specific salivary IgG when prechallenge and postchallenge saliva samples were compared. When the results of the IgA and IgG assays were combined, all 18 infected subjects showed ≥4-fold increases in NV-specific salivary IgG or IgA postchallenge titers compared to their prechallenge titers. One of 19 uninfected subjects had a ≥4-fold increase in NV-specific salivary IgG. The sensitivity of the combined assay results was 100%, and the specificity was 95%. NV-specific salivary IgA titers peaked around 14 days postchallenge. NV-specific salivary IgG and serum IgG titers continued to rise through 21 days postchallenge. The application of this EIA to an elementary school outbreak indicated that 67% of the subjects with confirmed infections had >4-fold rises in anti-NoV IgA when an antigen in the same genetic cluster as the outbreak virus was used. This is the first documented mucosal antibody response to NoV in children. This EIA provides a useful approach for diagnosing NoV outbreaks.
机译：需要简单的诊断测试才能检测诺如病毒（NoV）爆发。唾液抗体测定法是收集和测试血清或粪便样品的有吸引力的替代方法。将口腔液样品中的诺沃克病毒（NV）抗体与从38名接受NV接种物攻击的志愿者收集的血清中的NV抗体进行了比较。攻击前和攻击后（第4、8、14和21天）的唾液和血清样本使用重组NV抗原通过酶免疫法（EIA）进行了检查。在18名受感染的受试者（粪便中脱落NV或表现出免疫球蛋白G [IgG]血清转换的受试者）中，有15名（83％）的NV特异性唾液IgA升高了4倍以上，而15名（83％）的唾液IgA升高了4倍以上比较攻击前和攻击后唾液样本后，NV特异性唾液IgG的增加。当将IgA和IgG分析的结果相结合时，与攻击前的滴度相比，所有18位受感染的受试者在NV特异性唾液IgG或IgA的攻击后滴度中均增加了≥4倍。 19名未感染受试者中的1名NV特异性唾液IgG升高≥4倍。组合测定结果的灵敏度为100％，特异性为95％。 NV特异的唾液IgA滴度在攻击后14天左右达到峰值。攻击后21天，NV特异性唾液IgG和血清IgG滴度持续上升。将此EIA应用于小学爆发时，当使用与爆发病毒相同的基因簇中的抗原时，有67％确诊感染的受试者的抗NoV IgA升高> 4倍。这是儿童中对NoV的第一个文献记载的粘膜抗体反应。此EIA提供了诊断NoV爆发的有用方法。

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