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The Drosophila gonads: models for stem cell proliferation, self-renewal, and differentiation

机译：果蝇性腺：干细胞增殖，自我更新和分化的模型

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The male and female gonads of Drosophila melanogaster have developed into powerful model systems for both the study of stem cell behaviours, and for understanding how stem cell misregulation can lead to cancers. Using these systems, one is able to observe and manipulate the resident stem cell populations in vivo with a great deal of licence. The tractability of the testis and ovary also allow researchers to explore a range of cellular mechanisms, such as proliferation and polarity, as well as the influence exerted by the local environment through a host of highly-conserved signalling pathways. Importantly, many of the cellular behaviours and processes studied in the Drosophila testis and ovary are known to be disrupted, or otherwise misregulated, in human tumourigenic cells. Here, we review the mechanisms relating to stem cell behaviour, though we acknowledge there are many other fascinating aspects of gametogenesis, including the invasive behaviour of migratory border cells in the Drosophila ovary that, though relevant to the study of tumourigenesis, will unfortunately not be covered.
机译：果蝇的雄性和雌性性腺已发展成为功能强大的模型系统，可用于研究干细胞行为以及了解干细胞失调如何导致癌症。使用这些系统，人们可以在体内大量许可地观察和操纵体内干细胞的种群。睾丸和卵巢的可延展性还使研究人员能够探索一系列细胞机制，例如增殖和极性，以及通过一系列高度保守的信号通路对当地环境产生的影响。重要的是，已知在果蝇睾丸和卵巢中研究的许多细胞行为和过程在人类致瘤细胞中被破坏或以其他方式被错误调节。在这里，我们回顾了与干细胞行为有关的机制，尽管我们承认配子发生还有许多其他令人着迷的方面，包括果蝇卵巢中迁移性边界细胞的侵袭行为，尽管与肿瘤泌尿生殖学的研究有关，但不幸的是并非如此。覆盖。

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