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Genetic mechanisms regulating stem cell self-renewal and differentiation in the central nervous system of Drosophila

机译：果蝇中枢神经系统调节干细胞自我更新和分化的遗传机制

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Recent studies using the Drosophila central nervous system as a model have identified key molecules and mechanisms underlying stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. These studies suggest that proteins like Aurora-A, atypical protein kinase C, Prospero and Brain tumor act as key regulators in a tightly coordinated interplay between mitotic spindle orientation and asymmetric protein localization. These data also provide initial evidence that both processes are coupled to cell cycle progression and growth control, thereby regulating a binary switch between proliferative stem self-renewal and differentiative progenitor cell specification. Considering the evolutionary conservation of some of the mechanisms and molecules involved, these data provide a rationale and genetic model for understanding stem cell self-renewal and differentiation in general. The new data gained in Drosophila may therefore lead to conceptual advancements in understanding the aetiology and treatment of human neurological disorders such as brain tumor formation and neurodegenerative diseases.
机译：使用果蝇中枢神经系统作为模型的最新研究已经确定了干细胞自我更新和分化的关键分子和机制。这些研究表明像Aurora-A，非典型蛋白激酶C，Prospero和Brain肿瘤这样的蛋白在有丝分裂纺锤体定向和不对称蛋白定位之间紧密协调的相互作用中起着关键的调节作用。这些数据还提供了两个过程都与细胞周期进程和生长控制相关的初步证据，从而调节了增殖干细胞自我更新和分化祖细胞规格之间的二元转换。考虑到某些涉及的机制和分子的进化保守性，这些数据提供了一个基本原理和遗传模型，用于一般地理解干细胞的自我更新和分化。因此，在果蝇中获得的新数据可能会在理解人类神经系统疾病（如脑肿瘤形成和神经退行性疾病）的病因和治疗方面带来概念上的进步。

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