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首页> 外文期刊>Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias >Bioacoustics of human whistled languages: an alternative approach to the cognitive processes of language
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Bioacoustics of human whistled languages: an alternative approach to the cognitive processes of language

机译：口哨语言的生物声学：语言认知过程的另一种方法

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摘要

Whistled languages are a valuable heritage of human culture. This paper gives a first survey about a new multidisciplinary approach to these languages. Previous studies on whistled equivalents of languages have already documented that they can provide significant information about the role of rhythm and melody in language. To substantiate this, most whistles are represented by modulations of frequency, centered around 2000 Hz (±1000 Hz) and often reach a loudness of about 130 dB (measured at 1m from the source). Their transmission range can reach up to 10 km (as verified in La Gomera, Canary Island), and the messages can remain understandable, even if the signal is deteriorated. In some cultures the use of whistled language is associated with some "talking musical instruments" (e.g. flutes, guitars, harps, gongs, drums, khens). Finally, whistles as a means of conveying information have some analogues in the animal kingdom (e.g. some birds, cetaceans, primates), providing opportunities to compare the acoustic characteristics of the respective signals. With such properties as a reference, the project reported here has two major tasks: to further elucidate the many facets of whistled language and, above all, help to immediately stop the process of its gradual disappearance.
机译：吹口哨的语言是人类文化的宝贵遗产。本文对这些语言的一种新的多学科方法进行了首次调查。以前对口语对等词的研究已经证明，它们可以提供有关节奏和旋律在语言中的作用的重要信息。为了证实这一点，大多数哨子都以频率调制为代表，其中心频率约为2000 Hz（±1000 Hz），通常达到约130 dB的响度（在距声源1m处测得）。它们的传输距离可以达到10公里（经加那利岛的戈梅拉岛验证），即使信号变差，消息仍然可以理解。在某些文化中，吹口哨的语言与某些“说话的乐器”（例如长笛，吉他，竖琴，锣，鼓，khens）有关。最后，作为一种传递信息的口哨，在动物界有一些类似物（例如一些鸟类，鲸类，灵长类动物），为比较各个信号的声学特性提供了机会。以此类属性为参考，此处报告的项目具有两个主要任务：进一步阐明口哨语言的许多方面，最重要的是，有助于立即阻止其逐渐消失的过程。

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