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首页> 外文期刊>Anthropological Review >Body proportions of 6–18-year-old children in Merida, Mexico
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Body proportions of 6–18-year-old children in Merida, Mexico

机译：墨西哥梅里达市6-18岁儿童的身体比例

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The purpose of this study was to find out the differences in body physique and its proportions between children from Creole, Maya and Mestizo ethnic groups living in Merida, Mexico. The study was conducted between 1996–1999 and comprised of 4636 children and youth aged 6–18 years from three ethnic groups: Maya, Mestizo, and Creole. There were 1362 boys and 1314 girls from Creole group and 803 boys and 857 girls from the pooled Maya/Mestizo group. Anthropometric measurements included body height, arm and leg length, shoulder and hip width. The following indexes were calculated: leg length-to-body height, upper-to-lower limb, shoulder-to-body height, hip-to-body height, and hip-to-shoulder. Two-way analysis of variance (two-way ANOVA) was used to test the main effect and the interaction effects of age and ethnicity on height, leg length and body proportions, separately for boys and girls. All statistical analyses were performed using Statistica software version 13.1. All p -values lower than 0.05 were considered significant. Results of this study revealed that average values of body height, leg length and upper-to-lower limb and shoulder width proportions were statistically significantly different between ethnic groups. Creole children were taller and longer-legged than their Maya/Mestizo peers, and the greatest difference was noted after puberty. Maya/Mestizo children had relatively longer arm as compared to Creoles. Results of two-way ANOVA revealed that age and ethnicity were combined (interaction effect) factors for variation in body height both in boys and girls, and upper-to-lower limb proportion in boys, shoulder-to-body height proportion in girls. Ethnicity was the main effect factor for leg length both in boys and girls, and for the body proportions: upper-to-lower limb in girls and shoulder-to-body height in boys. Age was the main effect factor for upper-to-lower limb proportion in girls, shoulder-to-body height in boys, hip-to-body height in boys and girls, and hip-to-shoulder, both in boys and girls. In conclusion it may be stated that variation in body physique and body proportions during the postnatal growth in different ethnic groups is under the influence of complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors to which the individual is exposed.
机译：这项研究的目的是找出居住在墨西哥梅里达市的克里奥尔人，玛雅人和梅斯蒂佐族的儿童之间的体格差异及其比例。该研究在1996–1999年之间进行，包括来自三个族裔的4636名6-18岁的儿童和青少年：玛雅人，混血儿和克里奥尔人。克里奥尔人小组有1362名男孩和1314名女孩，玛雅人/梅斯蒂佐小组有803名男孩和857名女孩。人体测量包括身高，手臂和腿部长度，肩膀和臀部宽度。计算了以下指标：腿长到身体的高度，上肢到下肢的高度，肩膀到身体的高度，臀部到身体的高度以及臀部到肩膀的高度。方差的双向分析（双向方差分析）用于检验年龄和种族对男孩和女孩的身高，腿长和身体比例的主要影响以及相互作用的影响。所有统计分析均使用Statistica软件13.1版进行。所有低于0.05的p值都被认为是显着的。这项研究的结果显示，不同种族之间的身高，腿长以及上，下肢和肩宽比例的平均值存在统计学差异。克里奥尔族人的孩子比玛雅/梅斯蒂佐族的孩子更高，腿更长，青春期后的差异最大。与克里奥尔人相比，Maya / Mestizo儿童的手臂相对较长。双向方差分析的结果表明，年龄和种族是影响男孩和女孩身高变化，男孩上肢和下肢比例，女孩肩对身高比例的因素（相互作用）。种族是影响男孩和女孩腿长以及身体比例的主要因素：女孩的上肢到下肢和男孩的肩到身高。年龄是影响女孩上肢到下肢比例，男孩肩到身高，男孩和女孩的臀部到身体高度以及男孩和女孩的臀部到肩膀高度的主要影响因素。总之，可以说，不同种族的产后生长过程中身体形态和身体比例的变化受个体所接触的遗传和环境因素之间复杂相互作用的影响。

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