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首页> 外文期刊>Arctic: Journal of the Arctic Institute of North America >A comparison of modern and preindustrial levels of mercury in the teeth of beluga in the Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, and walrus at Igloolik, Nunavut, Canada
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A comparison of modern and preindustrial levels of mercury in the teeth of beluga in the Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, and walrus at Igloolik, Nunavut, Canada

机译：西北地区Mackenzie三角洲的白鲸牙齿中的现代汞含量和工业化前汞含量的比较，以及加拿大努纳武特州Igloolik的海象中的海象

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Mercury (Hg) concentrations were compared in modern and preindustrial teeth of belugas (Delphinapterus leucas) and walrus (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) at sites in the Canadian Arctic so that the relative amounts of natural and anthropogenic Hg in modern animals could be estimated. Mercury levels in the teeth of Beaufort Sea belugas captured in the Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, in 1993 were significantly (p = 0.0001) higher than those in archeological samples dated A.D. 1450–1650. In terms of geometric means, the Hg levels in modern animals were approximately four times as high as preindustrial levels in 10-year-old belugas, rising with age to 17 times as high in 30-year-olds. Because Hg levels in modern teeth were highly correlated with those in soft tissues, including muscle and muktuk, which are part of traditional human diets, it is likely that soft-tissue Hg has increased to a similar degree over the past few centuries. The increase was not due to dietary differences over time, as shown by analysis of stable-C and -N isotopes in the teeth, and was unlikely to be due to sex differences or to chemical diagenesis of historical samples. Industrially related Hg inputs to the Arctic Ocean and Canadian Arctic Archipelago may be the most likely explanation for the increase. If so, then 80–95% of the total Hg in modern Beaufort Sea belugas more than 10 years old may be attributed to anthropogenic activities. In contrast, tooth Hg concentrations in walrus at Igloolik, Nunavut, were no higher in the 1980s and 1990s than in the period A.D. 1200–1500, indicating an absence of industrial Hg in the species at this location.
机译：比较了加拿大北极地区现代白鲸和工业化前白鲸（Delphinapterus leucas）和海象（Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus）牙齿中的汞含量，从而可以估算出现代动物中天然汞和人为汞的相对含量。 1993年在西北地区Mackenzie三角洲捕获的Beaufort Sea belugas牙齿中的汞含量比公元1450–1650年的考古样本中的汞含量显着高（p = 0.0001）。就几何平均值而言，现代动物中的汞含量大约是10岁白鲸的工业化前水平的四倍，随着年龄的增长上升到30岁时的17倍。由于现代牙齿中的汞含量与传统人类饮食中包括肌肉和muktuk在内的软组织中的汞含量高度相关，因此在过去的几个世纪中，软组织中的汞含量可能以相似的程度增加。如牙齿中稳定的C和-N同位素分析所示，增加不是由于饮食随时间的变化造成的，也不大可能是由于性别差异或历史样本的化学成岩作用引起的。与工业相关的汞向北冰洋和加拿大北极群岛的投入可能是增加汞的最可能原因。如果是这样，那么超过10年历史的现代波弗特海白鲸中总汞的80–95％可能归因于人为活动。相比之下，努纳武特州依格鲁利克海象中海象中牙齿汞的浓度在公元1200-1500年期间没有高于公元1200-1500年，表明该位置物种中没有工业汞。

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